Ecological Archives A016-065-A5

John J. Borkowski, P. J. White, Robert A. Garrott, Troy Davis, Amanda R. Hardy, and Daniel J. Reinhart. 2006. Behavioral responses of bison and elk in Yellowstone to snowmobiles and snow coaches. Ecological Applications 16:1911–1925.

Appendix E. Output from exploratory analyses of the bison model best supported by the data, including odds ratios and their reciprocals.

Estimates, standard errors, and P values for the AC logit and LR logit from the best bison model resulting from the exploratory analysis.

Effect

AC logit estimate

AC logit SE(est)

P

LR logit estimate

LR logit SE(est)

P

intercept

-0.452

0.396

0.2544

-1.177

0.301

0.0001

sppnum

-1.522

0.286

0.0001

-3.264

0.274

0.0001

Dist

-4.464

0.462

0.0001

-3.052

0.395

0.0001

cumvis

-0.138

0.065

0.0338

-0.113

0.042

0.0074

 
 
 
 
 
 
 

hact = AP

1.462

0.269

0.0001

0.339

0.308

0.2718

= D

-0.291

0.249

0.2424

0.263

0.246

0.2843

= S

0.082

0.166

0.6211

0.380

0.170

0.0252

= N

-1.253

0.204

0.0001

-0.983

0.202

0.0001

hab = F

-0.269

0.333

0.0873

-0.688

0.258

0.0077

= RD

3.440

0.309

0.0001

0.834

0.301

0.0056

= TH

-1.401

0.368

0.0001

0.439

0.309

0.1555

= M

-1.470

0.325

0.0001

-0.585

0.228

0.0104

sppnum × hab=F

1.030

0.508

0.0426

1.171

0.440

0.0077

=RD

-1.352

0.468

0.0039

-0.329

0.516

0.5232

=TH

-0.329

0.506

0.5617

-1.002

0.506

0.0476

= M

0.028

0.458

0.9505

0.160

0.375

0.6698

dist × hact =AP

-1.901

0.907

0.0360

-0.251

0.630

0.6902

=D

1.178

0.453

0.0093

0.127

0.412

0.7572

=S

0.089

0.365

0.8066

-0.546

0.287

0.0574

=N

0.634

0.410

0.1221

0.670

0.307

0.0291

dist × hab = F

2.559

0.447

0.0001

1.545

0.401

0.0001

= RD

-9.599

0.992

0.0001

-3.433

0.942

0.0003

= TH

3.743

0.451

0.0001

0.536

0.451

0.2346

= M

3.296

0.425

0.0001

1.352

0.367

0.0003

cumvis × year=1999

-0.228

0.060

0.0002

-0.042

0.030

0.1638

=2000

-0.272

0.105

0.0095

-0.125

0.043

0.0038

=2002

0.254

0.036

0.0001

-0.018

0.023

0.4242

=2003

0.205

0.038

0.0001

0.190

0.024

0.0001

=2004

0.040

0.040

0.3068

-0.004

0.026

0.8739



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