Ecological Archives E080-012-A1

Barbara L. Bedford, Mark R. Walbridge, and Allison Aldous. 1999. Patterns in nutrient availability and plant diversity of temperate North American wetlands. Ecology 80:2151-2169.

Appendix A.

Data from the 52 studies used in the analysis of wetland plant-tissue chemistry

Vegetation type Plant species Substrate† Plant type‡ Tissue§ Wetland type Nitrogen (%) Phosphorus (%) N:P Ratio £
Carex meadow Carex/Typha/Calamagrostis P V L R 1.160 0.081 14.321
Carex meadow Typha angustifolia P V G R 1.100 0.140 7.857
Carex meadow Carex diandra P V G R 0.842 0.104 8.096
Carex meadow Carex stricta P V G R 1.050 0.118 8.898
Carex meadow Calamagrostis canadensis P V G R 0.982 0.131 7.496
Carex meadow Carex lacustris P V G R 1.060 0.133 7.970
Carex meadow Carex aquatilis P V G R 1.150 0.126 9.127
Carex meadow Carex lanuginosa P V G R 0.921 0.091 10.121
                 
Mixed hardwood swamp Acer rubrum M D G S 1.580 0.100 15.800
Mixed hardwood swamp Chamaecyparis thyoides M E G S 1.200 0.140 8.571
Mixed hardwood swamp Quercus laurifolia M D G S 1.690 0.120 14.083
Mixed hardwood swamp Quercus alba M D G S 1.780 0.120 14.833
Mixed hardwood swamp Nyssa sylvatica M D G S 1.830 0.170 10.765
Mixed hardwood swamp Acer rubrum M D G S 1.650 0.120 13.750
Cypress swamp Nyssa sylvatica M D G S 1.880 0.210 8.952
Cypress swamp Acer rubrum M D G S 1.850 0.160 11.563
Maple - gum swamp Nyssa sylvatica M D G S 1.930 0.130 14.846
Maple - gum swamp Acer rubrum M D G S 1.790 0.150 11.933
Cedar swamp Nyssa sylvatica P D G S 1.650 0.100 16.500
Cedar swamp Acer rubrum P D G S 1.880 0.090 20.889
                 
Cypress swamp Taxodium distichum M E L S 1.770 0.120 14.750
Maple - gum swamp Nyssa aquatica M D L S 1.810 0.110 16.455
Cedar swamp Chamaecyparis thyoides P E L S 1.220 0.080 15.250
Mixed hardwood swamp Quercus spp. M D L S 1.190 0.070 17.000
Maple - gum swamp Acer rubrum M D L S 1.130 0.070 16.143
                 
Alkaline peatland Larix laricina P D L F 1.910 0.200 9.550
Alkaline peatland Larix laricina P D L F 1.310 0.120 10.917
Alkaline peatland Picea mariana P E L F 1.010 0.110 9.182
Alkaline peatland Picea mariana P E L F 0.900 0.080 11.250
                 
Acidic open bog Sphagnum rubellum, minus capitulum P B G F 0.700 0.011 63.636
                 
Acidic open bog Chamaedaphne calyculata P E G B 0.900 0.045 20.000
Acidic open bog Chamaedaphne calyculata P E G B 1.050 0.030 35.000
                 
Acidic open bog Chamaedaphne calyculata P E G B 0.990 0.041 25.375
Acidic shrub poor fen Chamaedaphne calyculata P E G P 1.045 0.074 14.409
                 
Poor fen Carex limosa P V L P 1.040 0.050 20.800
Rich fen Carex limosa P V L R 1.840 0.050 36.800
Transitional fen Carex limosa P V L F 1.470 0.070 21.000
Poor fen Carex rostrata P V L P 1.100 0.110 10.000
Rich fen Carex rostrata P V L R 0.920 0.050 18.400
Transitional fen Carex rostrata P V L F 1.140 0.100 11.400
Rich fen Carex aquatilis P V L R 0.740 0.090 8.222
Rich fen Carex aquatilis P V L R 0.930 0.100 9.300
Rich fen Carex chordorrhiza P V L R 1.800 0.150 12.000
Poor fen Scirpus cespitosus P V L P 1.160 0.050 23.200
Rich fen Scirpus cespitosus P V L R 1.940 0.050 38.800
Transitional fen Scirpus cespitosus P V L F 1.500 0.050 30.000
Poor fen Betula glandulosa P D L P 1.980 0.100 19.800
Rich fen Betula glandulosa P D L R 1.970 0.100 19.700
Transitional fen Betula glandulosa P D L F 1.840 0.100 18.400
Poor fen Salix pedicellaris P D L P 2.080 0.080 26.000
Rich fen Salix pedicellaris P D L R 2.040 0.090 22.667
Poor fen Sphagnum lindbergii P B L P 0.240 0.020 12.000
Transitional fen Sphagnum lindbergii P B L F 0.700 0.100 7.000
Poor fen lawn Sphagna P B L P 0.620 0.020 31.000
Rich fen lawn Sphagna P B L R 0.440 0.030 14.667
Transitional fen lawn Sphagna P B L F 0.520 0.030 17.333
Poor fen hummock Sphagna P B L P 0.540 0.050 10.800
Rich fen hummock Sphagna P B L R 0.420 0.050 8.400
Transitional fen hummock Sphagna P B L F 0.360 0.050 7.200
                 
Rich fen Typha sp. P V G R 1.184 0.059 19.981
Rich fen Typha sp. P V G R 1.256 0.067 18.810
Rich fen Typha sp. P V G R 1.371 0.087 15.805
                 
Riverine mire complex Carex lacustris M V G M 1.720 0.250 6.880
Riverine mire complex Carex rostrata M V G M 1.470 0.240 6.125
Riverine mire complex Carex lanuginosa M V G M 3.270 0.450 7.267
Riverine mire complex Sparganium eurycarpum M V G M 3.350 0.640 5.234
Riverine mire complex Typha glauca M V G M 2.470 0.530 4.660
                 
Riverine mire complex Carex rostrata M V G M 1.756 0.249 7.090
                 
Riverine mire complex Carex lacustris P V G F nd nd 10.865
                 
Wet alpine meadow Carex scopulorum P V G F 3.120 0.135 23.111
Wet alpine meadow Bistorta bistortoides P V G F 3.850 0.250 15.400
                 
Marsh around pond Typha latifolia M V G M 1.210 0.173 6.567
Marsh around pond Scirpus americanus M V G M 1.460 0.178 7.962
                 
Marsh around pond Juncus effusus M V G M 1.549 0.224 7.089
Marsh around pond Juncus effusus M V L M 1.579 0.219 7.529
                 
Marsh around pond Typha latifolia M V G M 1.370 0.210 6.524
Marsh around pond Typha latifolia M V G M 0.930 0.140 6.643
Marsh around pond Brasenia schreberi M V G M 1.950 0.140 13.929
Marsh around pond Eleocharis quadrangulata M V G M 1.100 0.100 11.000
Marsh around pond Hydrocotyle umbellata M V G M 2.560 0.180 14.222
Marsh around pond Juncus effusus M V G M 1.240 0.270 4.593
Marsh around pond Nelumbo lutea M V G M 2.620 0.190 13.789
Marsh around pond Nuphar advena M V G M 3.790 0.400 9.475
Marsh around pond Nymphaea odorata M V G M 1.860 0.180 10.333
Marsh around pond Panicum hemitomon M V G M 1.500 0.140 10.714
Marsh around pond Pontederia cordata M V G M 1.400 0.240 5.833
Marsh around pond Scirpus americanus M V G M 1.220 0.180 6.778
Marsh around pond Typha latifolia M V G M 1.010 0.170 5.940
Marsh around pond Juncus effusus M V G M 1.360 0.170 8.000
                 
Marsh around pond Eleocharis quadrangulata M V G M 0.940 0.130 7.230
                 
Nyssa aquatica swamp Nyssa aquatica M D L S 0.102 0.002 52.580
                 
Coastal plain alluvial swamp Nyssa aquatica M D L S 1.080 0.680 1.590
                 
Tidal freshwater marsh Peltandra virginica M V G M 2.000 0.400 5.000
                 
Prairie pothole marsh Typha glauca M V G M 1.472 0.214 9.794
                 
Swamp Lyonia lucida P E G S 0.690 0.054 12.778
Swamp Cyrilla racemiflora P D G S 1.030 0.050 20.600
Swamp Leucothoe racemosa P D G S 1.030 0.048 21.458
Swamp Itea virginica P D G S 1.310 0.083 15.783
Swamp Clethra alnifolia P D G S 1.080 0.058 18.621
Swamp Pieris phillyreifolia P E G S 0.710 0.054 13.148
Swamp Ilex cassine P E G S 1.170 0.078 15.000
Swamp Decodon verticillatus P V G S 1.890 0.140 13.500
                 
Red maple/black gum swamp Nyssa aquatica M D L S 1.300 0.070 18.571
Red maple/black gum swamp Acer rubrum M D L S 1.060 0.060 17.667
Red maple/black gum swamp Nyssa sylvatica M D L S 1.090 0.060 18.167
Bald cypress swamp Taxodium distichum M D L S 1.400 0.100 14.000
Bald cypress swamp Nyssa aquatica M D L S 1.360 0.090 15.111
Bald cypress swamp Acer rubrum M D L S 1.030 0.070 14.714
Bald cypress swamp Nyssa sylvatica M D L S 1.200 0.080 15.000
Cedar swamp Chamaecyparis thyoides P E L S 1.200 0.070 17.143
Cedar swamp Acer rubrum P D L S 1.210 0.070 17.286
Cedar swamp Nyssa sylvatica P D L S 1.290 0.060 21.500
Mixed hardwood swamp Quercus spp. M D L S 1.250 0.060 20.833
Mixed hardwood swamp Acer rubrum M D L S 1.000 0.060 16.667
Mixed hardwood swamp Nyssa sylvatica M D L S 1.210 0.050 24.200
                 
Perched forested bogs Picea mariana P E G B 0.274 0.019 14.420
Raised forested bogs Picea mariana P E G B 0.309 0.022 14.050
Perched forested bogs Smilacina trifolia/Cyperaceae P V G B 1.370 0.099 13.860
Raised forested bogs Smilacina trifolia/Cyperaceae P V G B 0.639 0.058 11.020
                 
Bog Picea mariana P E G B 0.752 0.116 6.480
Poor fen Picea mariana P E G P 0.873 0.123 7.100
Fen Picea mariana P E G F 0.873 0.142 6.148
                 
Riverine marsh Salix interior M D G M nd nd 0.300
Riverine marsh Salix interior M D G M nd nd 1.440
Riverine marsh Typha latifolia M V G M nd nd 3.300
Riverine marsh Typha-Sparganium M V G M nd nd 5.027
Riverine marsh Scirpus fluviatilis M V G M nd nd 4.830
Riverine marsh Carex lacustris M V G M nd nd 3.910
Riverine marsh Phalaris arundinacea M V G M nd nd 6.410
Riverine marsh Polygonum sp. M V G M nd nd 5.740
                 
Riverine sandy marsh Sparganium eurycarpum M V G M 1.745 0.377 4.960
Riverine sandy marsh Scirpus validus M V G M 1.391 0.234 6.450
Riverine sandy marsh Eleocharis palustris M V G M 1.451 0.199 7.620
Riverine sandy marsh Juncus effusus M V G M 0.833 0.134 6.470
Riverine sandy marsh Sagittaria latifolia M V G M 2.363 0.445 5.940
                 
Ombrogenous mire Sphagnum, 0-2 cm P B G B 0.440 0.026 16.920
Poor fen Sphagnum, 0-2 cm P B G P 0.480 0.025 19.200
Ombrogenous mire Sphagnum sect. acutifolia, 0-2 cm P B G B 0.640 0.061 10.490
Poor fen Sphagnum sect. acutifolia, 0-2 cm P B G P 0.680 0.068 10.000
Med-rich fen Sphagnum sect. acutifolia, 0-2 cm P B G F 0.820 0.065 12.620
Med-rich fen Tomenthypnum nitens, 0-2 cm P B G F 0.910 0.120 7.580
Ombrogenous mire Sphagnum, 6-10 cm P B G B 0.240 0.013 18.460
Poor fen Sphagnum, 6-10 cm P B G P 0.280 0.015 18.670
Ombrogenous mire Sphagnum sect. acutifolia, 6-10 cm P B G B 0.430 0.037 11.620
Poor fen Sphagnum sect. acutifolia, 6-10 cm P B G P 0.370 0.020 18.500
Med-rich fen Sphagnum sect. acutifolia, 6-10 cm P B G F 0.440 0.024 18.330
Med-rich fen Tomenthypnum nitens, 6-10 cm P B G F 0.750 0.069 10.870
                 
Freshwater tidal marsh Carex lacustris M V L M 0.790 0.062 12.740
Freshwater tidal marsh Typha latifolia M V L M 0.750 0.078 9.620
Freshwater tidal marsh Calamagrostis canadensis M V L M 0.790 0.084 9.410
Freshwater tidal marsh Zizania aquatica M V L M 1.080 0.160 6.710
                 
Marsh Glyceria grandis M V G M 2.350 0.320 8.910
                 
Minerotrophic peatland Larix laricinia P D G F 1.485 0.250 6.010
Minerotrophic peatland Picea mariana P E G F 0.845 0.140 6.028
                 
Shallow emergent marsh Scolochloa festucacea M V G M 1.880 0.160 11.750
Deep emergent marsh Scolochloa festucacea M V G M 1.630 0.260 6.270
Shallow emergent marsh Typha sp. M V G M 2.040 0.250 8.160
Deep emergent marsh Typha sp. M V G M 1.930 0.270 7.150
                 
Continental bog Sphagnum fuscum P B G B 0.750 0.035 21.368
Continental bog Sphagnum fuscum P B G B 0.780 0.041 19.259
Continental bog Sphagnum fuscum P B G B 0.960 0.058 16.580
Continental bog Sphagnum fuscum P B G B 0.620 0.040 15.617
Continental bog Sphagnum fuscum P B G B 0.870 0.057 15.236
Continental bog Sphagnum fuscum P B G B 0.750 0.035 21.368
Continental bog Sphagnum fuscum P B G B 0.780 0.041 19.260
Continental bog Sphagnum fuscum P B G B 0.960 0.058 16.580
Continental bog Sphagnum fuscum P B G B 0.620 0.040 15.620
Continental bog Sphagnum fuscum P B G B 0.870 0.057 15.240
                 
Riparian forest Composite of the following species: M D G S 1.630 0.160 10.188
  Liquidambar styraciflua, Acer rubrum,              
  Nyssa sylvatica, Liriodendron tulipifera              
                 
Riparian forest Composite of the same species as above M D L S 1.100 0.140 7.860
                 
Riverine marsh Rooted emergent tops M V G M 2.410 0.520 4.635
                 
Lakeshore marsh Typha latifolia M V G M 2.200 0.490 4.490
                 
Red Maple swamp Acer rubrum M D G S 1.830 0.110 16.636
                 
Minerotrophic fen Betula pumila P D G F 1.870 0.090 20.780
Minerotrophic fen Carex spp. P V G F 1.220 0.090 13.560
Minerotrophic fen Chamaedaphne calyculata P E G F 1.710 0.090 19.000
Minerotrophic fen Salix spp. P D G F 2.000 0.120 16.670
                 
Cypress swamp Taxodium sp. P D G S 1.430 0.098 14.592
Cypress swamp Ilex cassine P D G S 1.400 0.067 20.896
Cypress swamp Cyrilla racemiflora P D G S 1.230 0.048 25.625
Cypress swamp Lyonia lucida P E G S 0.960 0.042 22.857
Cypress swamp Itea virginica P D G S 1.340 0.068 19.710
Cypress swamp Leucothoe racemosa P D G S 1.280 0.056 22.860
Cypress swamp Clethra alnifolia P D G S 1.400 0.064 21.875
Cypress swamp Nyssa sylvatica P D G S 1.690 0.088 19.200
Cypress swamp Tillandsia usneoides P V G S 0.760 0.040 19.000
Cypress swamp Tillandsia usneoides P V G S 1.000 0.030 33.333
Cypress swamp Eriocaulon compressum P V G S 2.410 0.093 25.914
Cypress swamp Phoradendron serotinum P D G S 1.700 0.190 8.950
                 
Shrub pocosin bog Lyonia lucida P E G B 0.082 0.004 24.290
Shrub pocosin bog Zenobia pulverulenta P D G B 0.096 0.004 26.620
                 
Raised Sphagnum bog Ledum groenlandicum P E G B 1.410 0.086 16.395
Raised Sphagnum bog Chamaedaphne calyculata P E G B 1.360 0.080 17.000
Raised Sphagnum bog Andromeda glaucophylla P E G B 1.140 0.063 18.095
Raised Sphagnum bog Kalmia angustifolia P E G B 1.220 0.072 16.944
Raised Sphagnum bog Kalmia polifolia P E G B 1.300 0.070 18.571
Raised Sphagnum bog Sarracenia purpurea P V G B 1.090 0.085 12.824
Raised Sphagnum bog Picea mariana P E G B 1.020 0.086 11.860
Raised Sphagnum bog Aronia melanocarpa P E G B 1.740 0.139 12.518
Raised Sphagnum bog Gaylussacia baccata P E G B 1.660 0.083 20.000
Raised Sphagnum bog Vaccinium myrtylloides P E G B 1.540 0.070 22.000
Raised Sphagnum bog Larix laricina P D G B 1.280 0.080 16.000
Raised Sphagnum bog Betula pumila P D G B 1.810 0.105 17.238
Raised Sphagnum bog Betula populifolia P D G B 1.790 0.095 18.842
Raised Sphagnum bog Nemopanthus mucronatus P D G B 1.620 0.100 16.200
Raised Sphagnum bog Viburnum cassinoides P D G B 2.080 0.106 19.623
                 
Raised Sphagnum bog New evergreen needles P E G B 1.700 0.130 13.080
Raised Sphagnum bog Deciduous leaves P D G B 1.800 0.130 13.850
Raised Sphagnum bog Old evergreen needles P E G B 1.250 0.080 15.625
Marsh Deciduous leaves M D G M 2.400 0.190 12.632
                 
Freshwater tidal marsh Typha angustifolia M V G M nd nd 5.530
Freshwater tidal marsh Phragmites australis M V G M nd nd 8.260
Freshwater tidal marsh Lythrum salicaria M V G M nd nd 2.830
                 
Bog Eriophorum vaginatum P V G B 1.900 0.170 11.176
Floating sedge fen Carex lasiocarpa P V G F 1.700 0.150 11.333
Riverine sedge fen Carex lasiocarpa P V G R 1.500 0.160 9.375
Lacustrine sedge fen Carex lasiocarpa P V G R 1.650 0.140 11.786
Riverine marsh Carex lasiocarpa P V G M 2.250 0.220 10.227
                 
Fen Larix laricina P E G F 1.950 0.260 7.500
Conifer swamp Larix laricina P E G S 1.060 0.250 4.240
Bog Larix laricina P E G B 1.240 0.170 7.294
                 
deep marsh Carex lacustris M V G M 1.300 0.140 9.286
                 
Bog (short pocosin) - SRA Cyrilla racemiflora P E G B 1.203 0.042 28.643
Bog (short pocosin) - SRB Cyrilla racemiflora P E G B 1.160 0.043 26.977
Bog (short pocosin) - SRA Lyonia lucida (new leaves) P E G B 0.811 0.033 24.576
Bog (short pocosin) - SRB Lyonia lucida (new leaves) P E G B 0.847 0.040 21.175
Bog (short pocosin) - SRA Lyonia lucida (old leaves) P E G B 0.577 0.022 26.227
Bog (short pocosin) - SRB Lyonia lucida (old leaves) P E G B 0.698 0.028 24.929
Bog (short pocosin) - SRA Persea borbonia (new leaves) P E G B 1.129 0.070 16.129
Bog (short pocosin) - SRB Persea borbonia (new leaves) P E G B 1.167 0.066 17.682
Bog (short pocosin) - SRA Persea borbonia (old leaves) P E G B 0.969 0.046 21.065
Bog (short pocosin) - SRB Persea borbonia (old leaves) P E G B 1.005 0.046 21.848
Bog (short pocosin) - SRA Pinus serotina (new leaves) P E G B 0.951 0.067 14.194
Bog (short pocosin) - SRB Pinus serotina (new leaves) P E G B 0.913 0.062 14.726
Bog (short pocosin) - SRA Pinus serotina (old leaves) P E G B 0.792 0.060 13.200
Bog (short pocosin) - SRB Pinus serotina (old leaves) P E G B 0.791 0.054 14.648
Bog (short pocosin) - SRA Zenobia pulverulenta P D G B 1.052 0.042 25.048
Bog (short pocosin) - SRB Zenobia pulverulenta P D G B 1.008 0.036 28.000
Fen (tall pocosin) - GT Cyrilla racemiflora P E G F 1.288 0.060 21.467
Fen (tall pocosin) - MT Cyrilla racemiflora P E G F 1.509 0.076 19.855
Fen (tall pocosin) - GT Lyonia lucida (new leaves) P E G F 0.900 0.047 19.149
Fen (tall pocosin) - MT Lyonia lucida (new leaves) P E G F 0.987 0.054 18.278
Fen (tall pocosin) - GT Lyonia lucida (old leaves) P E G F 0.789 0.039 20.231
Fen (tall pocosin) - MT Lyonia lucida (old leaves) P E G F 0.902 0.045 20.044
Fen (tall pocosin) - GT Persea borbonia (new leaves) P E G F 1.428 0.086 16.605
Fen (tall pocosin) - MT Persea borbonia (new leaves) P E G F 1.322 0.092 14.370
Fen (tall pocosin) - GT Persea borbonia (old leaves) P E G F 1.198 0.069 17.362
Fen (tall pocosin) - MT Persea borbonia (old leaves) P E G F 1.134 0.058 19.552
Fen (tall pocosin) - GT Pinus serotina (new leaves) P E G F 0.813 0.077 10.558
Fen (tall pocosin) - MT Pinus serotina (new leaves) P E G F 1.047 0.089 11.764
Fen (tall pocosin) - GT Pinus serotina (old leaves) P E G F 0.802 0.064 12.531
Fen (tall pocosin) - MT Pinus serotina (old leaves) P E G F 0.871 0.070 12.443
Fen (tall pocosin) - GT Zenobia pulverulenta P D G F 1.026 0.065 15.785
Fen (tall pocosin) - MT Zenobia pulverulenta P D G F 1.106 0.070 15.800
Poor fen (medium pocosin) - HL Cyrilla racemiflora P E G P 1.267 0.049 25.857
Poor fen (medium pocosin) - CT Cyrilla racemiflora P E G P 1.196 0.047 25.447
Poor fen (medium pocosin) - HL Lyonia lucida (new leaves) P E G P 0.819 0.037 22.135
Poor fen (medium pocosin) - CT Lyonia lucida (new leaves) P E G P 0.841 0.038 22.132
Poor fen (medium pocosin) - HL Lyonia lucida (old leaves) P E G P 0.683 0.027 25.296
Poor fen (medium pocosin) - CT Lyonia lucida (old leaves) P E G P 0.747 0.029 25.759
Poor fen (medium pocosin) - HL Persea borbonia (new leaves) P E G P 1.374 0.073 18.822
Poor fen (medium pocosin) - CT Persea borbonia (new leaves) P E G P 1.221 0.069 17.696
Poor fen (medium pocosin) - HL Persea borbonia (old leaves) P E G P 1.032 0.049 21.061
Poor fen (medium pocosin) - CT Persea borbonia (old leaves) P E G P 0.946 0.048 19.708
Poor fen (medium pocosin) - HL Pinus serotina (new leaves) P E G P 0.983 0.070 14.043
Poor fen (medium pocosin) - CT Pinus serotina (new leaves) P E G P 0.882 0.068 12.971
Poor fen (medium pocosin) - HL Pinus serotina (old leaves) P E G P 0.760 0.057 13.333
Poor fen (medium pocosin) - CT Pinus serotina (old leaves) P E G P 0.808 0.064 12.625
Poor fen (medium pocosin) - HL Zenobia pulverulenta P D G P 1.157 0.052 22.250
Poor fen (medium pocosin) - CT Zenobia pulverulenta P D G P 1.168 0.052 22.462
Swamp (bay forest) - GB Lyonia lucida (new leaves) P E G S 0.865 0.059 14.661
Swamp (bay forest) - CB Lyonia lucida (new leaves) P E G S 0.984 0.064 15.375
Swamp (bay forest) - GB Lyonia lucida (old leaves) P E G S 0.861 0.049 17.571
Swamp (bay forest) - CB Lyonia lucida (old leaves) P E G S 0.932 0.058 16.069
Swamp (bay forest) - GB Persea borbonia (new leaves) P E G S 1.230 0.121 10.165
Swamp (bay forest) - CB Persea borbonia (new leaves) P E G S 1.539 0.118 13.042
Swamp (bay forest) - GB Persea borbonia (old leaves) P E G S 1.202 0.083 14.482
Swamp (bay forest) - CB Persea borbonia (old leaves) P E G S 1.177 0.054 21.796
                 
Spruce bog Picea mariana P E G B 0.830 0.130 6.385
                 
Minerotrophic peatland Pinus contorta P E G F 1.291 0.109 11.920
                 
Minerotrophic peatland Picea mariana P E G F 1.386 0.126 11.970
                 
White cedar swamp Acer rubrum P D G S 1.880 0.090 20.890
White cedar swamp Chamaecyparis thyoides P E G S 1.030 0.070 14.710

†Substrate type: P = peat, M = mineral soil.
‡Plant type: B = bryophytes, E = evergreen trees & shrubs, D = deciduous trees & shrubs, V = vascular herbaceous species.
§Tissue type: G = green live tissue, L = litter. All data are for plant leaves.
Wetland type: B = bog, P = poor fen, F = moderate-rich fen, R = rich fen, M = marsh, S = swamp.
£N:P ratios may differ from the values obtained by dividing %N by %P. In the cases where authors reported more than one set of values for %N and %P, we calculated N:P for each and took the means of those ratios. Reported %N & %P are seasonal/annual values.

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