Appendix A. Ecosystems and references used in meta-analysis to assess dreissenid impacts.
Data Sources
[1] EPA. 2008. United States Environmental Protection Agency STORET database.
[2] Burkalova, L. E., A. Y. Karatayev, and D. K. Padilla. 2005. Functional changes in benthic freshwater communities after Dreissena polymorpha (Pallas) invasion and consequences for filtration. Pages 263275 in R. F. Dame and S. Olenin, editors. The comparative roles of suspension-feeders in ecosystems. Springer.
[3] Dunlap, F. 2008. New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, Division of Water, Region 5, Ray Brook, New York, USA.
[4] Beekey, M. A., D. J. McCabe, and J. E. Marsden. 2004. Zebra mussel colonization of soft sediments facilitates invertebrate communities. Freshwater Biology 49:535545.
[5] Binelli, A., A. Provini, and S. Galassi. 1997. Trophic modifications in Lake Como (N. Italy) caused by the zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha). Water Air and Soil Pollution 99:633640.
[6] Mortl, M., and K. O. Rothhaupt. 2003. Effects of adult Dreissena polymorpha on settling juveniles and associated macroinvertebrates. International Review of Hydrobiology 88:561569.
[7] Kane, D. D. 2004. The development of a planktonic index of biotic integrity for Lake Erie. Ph.D. dissertation. The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
[8] Patterson, M. W. R., J. J. H. Ciborowski, and D. R. Barton. 2005. The distribution and abundance of Dreissena species (Dreissenidae) in Lake Erie, 2002. Journal of Great Lakes Research 31:223237.
[9] Barbiero, R. P., and M. L. Tuchman. 2004. Long-term dreissenid impacts on water clarity in Lake Erie. Journal of Great Lakes Research 30:557565.
[10] Barbiero, R. P., M. L. Tuchman, and E. S. Millard. 2006. Post-dreissenid increases in transparency during summer stratification in the offshore waters of Lake Ontario: Is a reduction in whiting events the cause? Journal of Great Lakes Research 32:131141.
[11] Makarewicz, J. C., P. Bertram, and T. W. Lewis. 2000. Chemistry of the offshore surface waters of Lake Erie: Pre- and post-Dreissena introduction (19831993). Journal of Great Lakes Research 26:8293.
[12] Makarewicz, J. C., T. W. Lewis, and P. Bertram. 1999. Phytoplankton composition and biomass in the offshore waters of Lake Erie: Pre- and post-Dreissena introduction (19831993). Journal of Great Lakes Research 25:135148.
[13] Rockwell, D. C., G. J. Warren, P. E. Bertram, D. K. Salisbury, and N. M. Burns. 2005. The US EPA Lake Erie indicators monitoring program 19832002: Trends in phosphorus, silica, and chlorophyll a in the central basin. Journal of Great Lakes Research 31:2334.
[14] Winter, J. G. 2008. Ontario Ministry of the Envrionment, Great Lakes Water Intake Surveillance Program, Etobicoke, Ontario. in.
[15] Binding, C. E., J. H. Jerome, R. P. Bukata, and W. G. Booty. 2007. Trends in water clarity of the lower Great Lakes from remotely sensed aquatic color. Journal of Great Lakes Research 33:828841.
[16] Conroy, J. D., D. D. Kane, D. M. Dolan, W. J. Edwards, M. N. Charlton, and D. A. Culver. 2005. Temporal trends in Lake Erie plankton biomass: Roles of external phosphorus loading and dreissenid mussels. Journal of Great Lakes Research 31:89110.
[17] Nicholls, K. H., and G. J. Hopkins. 1993. Recent Changes in Lake Erie (North Shore) Phytoplankton Cumulative Impacts of Phosphorus Loading Reductions and the Zebra Mussel Introduction. Journal of Great Lakes Research 19:637647.
[18] Nicholls, K. H. 2001. CUSUM phytoplankton and chlorophyll functions illustrate the apparent onset of dreissenid mussel impacts in Lake Ontario. Journal of Great Lakes Research 27:393401.
[19] Johannsson, O. E., R. Dermott, D. M. Graham, J. A. Dahl, E. S. Millard, D. D. Myles, and J. LeBlanc. 2000. Benthic and pelagic secondary production in Lake Erie after the invasion of Dreissena spp. with implications for fish production. Journal of Great Lakes Research 26:3154.
[20] Lohner, R. N., V. Sigler, C. M. Mayer, and C. Balogh. 2007. A comparison of the benthic bacterial communities within and surrounding Dreissena clusters in lakes. Microbial Ecology 54:469477.
[21] Nicholls, K. H., S. J. Standke, and G. J. Hopkins. 1999. Effects of dreissenid mussels on nitrogen and phosphorus in north shore waters of Lake Erie. in M. Munawar, T. Edsall, and I. F. Munawar, editors. State of Lake Erie (SOLE)Past, Present and Future. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden.
[22] Barbiero, R. P., D. C. Rockwell, G. J. Warren, and M. L. Tuchman. 2006. Changes in spring phytoplankton communities and nutrient dynamics in the eastern basin of Lake Erie since the invasion of Dreissena spp. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 63:15491563.
[23] Dermott, R., and D. Kerec. 1997. Changes to the deepwater benthos of eastern Lake Erie since the invasion of Dreissena: 19791993. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 54:922930.
[24] Howell, E. T., C. H. Marvin, R. W. Bilyea, P. B. Kauss, and K. Somers. 1996. Changes in environmental conditions during Dreissena colonization of a monitoring station in eastern Lake Erie. Journal of Great Lakes Research 22:744756.
[25] Nicholls, K. H. 1999. Evidence for a trophic cascade effect on north-shore western Lake Erie phytoplankton prior to the zebra mussel invasion. Journal of Great Lakes Research 25:942949.
[26] Nicholls, K. H., G. J. Hopkins, S. J. Standke, and L. Nakamoto. 2001. Trends in total phosphorus in Canadian near-shore waters of the Laurentian Great Lakes: 19761999. Journal of Great Lakes Research 27:402422.
[27] Knapton, R. W., and S. A. Petrie. 1999. Changes in distribution and abundance of submerged macrophytes in the Inner Bay at Long Point, Lake Erie: Implications for foraging waterfowl. Journal of Great Lakes Research 25:783798.
[28] Holland, R. E. 1993. Changes in Planktonic Diatoms and Water Transparency in Hatchery Bay, Bass-Island Area, Western Lake Erie since the Establishment of the Zebra Mussel. Journal of Great Lakes Research 19:617624.
[29] Holland, R. E., T. H. Johengen, and A. M. Beeton. 1995. Trends in Nutrient Concentrations in Hatchery Bay, Western Lake Erie, before and after Dreissena-Polymorpha. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 52:12021209.
[30] Gonzalez, M. J., and A. Downing. 1999. Mechanisms underlying amphipod responses to zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) invasion and implications for fishamphipod interactions. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 56:679685.
[31] Schloesser, D. W., and E. C. Masteller. 1999. Mortality of uninid bivalves (Mullusca) associated iwth dreissenid mussels (Dreissena polymorpha and D. bugensis) in Presque Isle Bay, Lake Erie. Northeastern Naturalist 6:341352.
[32] Botts, P. S., B. A. Patterson, and D. W. Schloesser. 1996. Zebra mussel effects on benthic invertebrates: Physical or biotic? Journal of the North American Benthological Society 15:179184.
[33] Stuckey, R. L., and D. L. Moore. 1995. Return and Increase in Abundance of Aquatic Flowering Plants in Put-in-Bay Harbor, Lake Erie, Ohio. Ohio Journal of Science 95:261266.
[34] Schloesser, D. W., and T. F. Nalepa. 1994. Dramatic decline of unionid bivalves in offshore waters of western Lake Erie after infestation by the zebra mussel, Dreissena polymorpha. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 51:22342242.
[35] Schloesser, D. W., T. F. Nalepa, and G. L. Mackie. 1996. Zebra mussel infestation of unionid bivalves (Unionidae) in North America. American Zoologist 36:300310.
[36] Schloesser, D. W., R. D. Smithee, G. D. Longton, and W. P. Kovalak. 1997. Zebra mussel induced mortality of unionids in firm substrata of western Lake Erie and a habitat for survival. American Malacological Bulletin 14:6774.
[37] Stewart, T. W., J. G. Miner, and R. L. Lowe. 1998. Macroinvertebrate communities on hard substrates in western Lake Erie: Structuring effects of Dreissena. Journal of Great Lakes Research 24:868879.
[38] Stewart, T. W., J. G. Miner, and R. L. Lowe. 1998. Quantifying mechanisms for zebra mussel effects on benthic macroinvertebrates: organic matter production and shellgenerated habitat. Journal of the North American Benthological Society 17:8194.
[39] Stewart, T. W., J. G. Miner, and R. L. Lowe. 1999. A field experiment to determine Dreissena and predator effects on zoobenthos in a nearshore, rocky habitat of western Lake Erie. Journal of the North American Benthological Society 18:488498.
[40] Mellina, E., J. B. Rasmussen, and E. L. Mills. 1995. Impact of zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) on phosphorus cycling and chlorophyll in lakes. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 52:25532573.
[41] Krieger, K. A., D. W. Schloesser, B. A. Manny, C. E. Trisler, S. E. Heady, J. J. H. Ciborowski, and K. M. Muth. 1996. Recovery of burrowing mayflies (Ephemeroptera: Ephemeridae: Hexagenia) in western Lake Erie. Journal of Great Lakes Research 22:254263.
[42] Stewart, T. W., J. G. Miner, and R. L. Lowe. 1998. An experimental analysis of crayfish (Orconectes rusticus) effects on a Dreissena-dominated benthic macroinvertebrate community in western Lake Erie. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 55:10431050.
[43] Custer, C. M., and T. W. Custer. 1997. Occurrence of zebra mussels in near-shore areas of western Lake Erie. Journal of Great Lakes Research 23:108115.
[44] Haag, W. R., D. J. Berg, D. W. Garton, and J. L. Farris. 1993. Reduced Survival and Fitness in Native Bivalves in Response to Fouling by the Introduced Zebra Mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) in Western Lake Erie. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 50:1319.
[45] Macisaac, H. J., W. G. Sprules, O. E. Johannsson, and J. H. Leach. 1992. Filtering Impacts of Larval and Sessile Zebra Mussels (DreissenaPolymorpha) in Western Lake Erie. Oecologia 92:3039.
[46] MacIsaac, H. J., C. J. Lonnee, and J. H. Leach. 1995. Supression of microzooplankton by zebra mussels: importance of mussel size. Freshwater Biology 34:379387.
[47] Johannsson, O., D. M. Graham, D. Einhouse, and E. L. Mills. 1999. Historical and recent changes in the Lake Erie zooplankton community and their relationship to ecosystem function. Pages 169196 in M. Munawar, T. Edsall, and I. F. Munawar, editors. State of Lake Erie: Past, present and future. Backhuys, Leiden.
[48] Yu, N., and D. A. Culver. 1999. Estimating the effective clearance rate and refiltration by zebra mussels, Dreissena polymorpha, in a stratified reservoir. Freshwater Biology 41:481492.
[49] Yu, N., and D. A. Culver. 1999. In situ survival and growth of zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) under chronic hypoxia in a stratified lake. Hydrobiologia 392:205215.
[50] Yu, N., and D. A. Culver. 2000. Can zebra mussels change stratification patterns in a small reservoir? Hydrobiologia 431:175184.
[51] Nalepa, T. F., D. L. Fanslow, S. A. Pothoven, A. J. Foley, and G. A. Lang. 2007. Long-term trends in benthic macroinvertebrate populations in Lake Huron over the past four decades. Journal of Great Lakes Research 33:421436.
[52] Nalepa, T. F., D. L. Fanslow, M. B. Lansing, and G. A. Lang. 2003. Trends in the benthic macroinvertebrate community of Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron, 1987 to 1996: Responses to phosphorus abatement and the zebra mussel, Dreissena polymorpha. Journal of Great Lakes Research 29:1433.
[53] Nalepa, T. F., and G. L. Fahnenstiel. 1995. Preface Dreissena palymorpha in the Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron ecosystem: Overview and perspective. Journal of Great Lakes Research 21:411416.
[54] Nalepa, T. F., J. A. Wojcik, D. L. Fanslow, and G. A. Lang. 1995. Initial colonization of the zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) in Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron: Population recruitment, density, and size structure. Journal of Great Lakes Research 21:417434.
[55] Nalepa, T. F., D. L. Fanslow, M. B. Lansing, G. A. Lang, M. Ford, G. Gostenik, and D. J. Hartson. 2002. Abundance, Biomass, and Species Composition of Benthic Macroinvertebrate Populations in Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron, 198796.
[56] Fahnenstiel, G. L., T. B. Bridgeman, G. A. Lang, M. J. McCormick, and T. F. Nalepa. 1995. Phytoplankton productivity in Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron: Effects of zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) colonization. Journal of Great Lakes Research 21:465475.
[57] Fahnenstiel, G. L., G. A. Lang, T. F. Nalepa, and T. H. Johengen. 1995. Effects of zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) colonization on water quality parameters in Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron. Journal of Great Lakes Research 21:435448.
[58] Johengen, T. H., T. F. Nalepa, G. L. Fahnenstiel, and G. Goudy. 1995. Nutrient changes in Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron, after the establishment of the zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha). Journal of Great Lakes Research 21:449464.
[59] Lowe, R. L., and R. W. Pillsbury. 1995. Shifts in benthic algal community structure and function following the appearance of zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) in Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron. Journal of Great Lakes Research 21:558566.
[60] Pillsbury, R. W., R. L. Lowe, Y. D. Pan, and J. L. Greenwood. 2002. Changes in the benthic algal community and nutrient limitation in Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron, during the invasion of the zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha). Journal of the North American Benthological Society 21:238252.
[61] Skubinna, J. P., T. G. Coon, and T. R. Batterson. 1995. Increased abundance and depth of submersed macrophytes in response to decreased turbidity in Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron. Journal of Great Lakes Research 21:476488.
[62] Bridgeman, T. B., G. L. Fahnenstiel, G. A. Lang, and T. F. Nalepa. 1995. Zooplankton grazing during the zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) colonization of Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron. Journal of Great Lakes Research 21:567573.
[63] Budd, J. W., T. D. Drummer, T. F. Nalepa, and G. L. Fahnenstiel. 2001. Remote sensing of biotic effects: Zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) influence on water clarity in Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron. Limnology and Oceanography 46:213223.
[64] Lavrentyev, P. J., W. S. Gardner, J. F. Cavaletto, and J. R. Beaver. 1995. Effects of the zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha Pallas) on protozoa and phytoplankton from Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron. Journal of Great Lakes Research 21:545557.
[65] McNickle, G. G., M. D. Rennie, and W. G. Sprules. 2006. Changes in benthic invertebrate communities of South Bay, Lake Huron following invasion by zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha), and potential effects on lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) diet and growth. Journal of Great Lakes Research 32:180193.
[66] Bruesewitz, D. A., J. L. Tank, and M. J. Bernot. 2008. Delineating the effects of zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) on N transformation rates using laboratory mesocosms. Journal of the North American Benthological Society 27:236251.
[67] Shankland, E. L., and R. L. Lowe. 2005. The effects of a recent zebra mussel invasion on the phytoplankton community in Lake Leelanau in Northern Michigan. in University of Michigan Undergraduate Research Forum.
[68] Ricciardi, A., R. J. Neves, and J. B. Rasmussen. 1998. Impending extinctions of North American freshwater mussels (Unionoida) following the zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) invasion. Journal of Animal Ecology 67:613619.
[69] Lucy, F., M. Sullivan, and D. Minchin. 2005. Nutrient levels and the zebra mussel population in Lough Key. Environmental Protection Agency of Ireland, Wexford.
[70] Higgins, T. M., J. M. Grennan, and K. McCarthy. 2008. Effects of recent zebra mussel invasion on water chemistry and phytoplankton production in a small Irish lake. Aquatic Invasions 3:1420.
[71] Maguire, C. M., and J. Grey. 2006. Determination of zooplankton dietary shift following a zebra mussel invasion, as indicated by stable isotope analysis. Freshwater Biology 51:13101319.
[72] Maguire, C. M., R. Rosell, and D. Roberts. 2005. Management of the impacts of zebra mussels in Northern Ireland and determination of effects on fish populations in Lough Erne thorugh alterations in the foodweb. No. 06/25, Environment and Heritage Service, Belfast.
[73] Karatayev, A. Y., L. E. Burlakova, and D. Padilla. 2002. Impacts of zebra mussels on aquatic communities and their roles as ecosystem engineers. Pages 433446 in E. Leppakoski, S. Gollash, and S. Olenin, editors. Invasive Aquatic Species of Europe. Distribution, Impacts and Management. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands.
[74] Karatayev, A. Y., L. E. Burlakova, and D. K. Padilla. 1997. The effects of Dreissena polymorpha (Pallas) invasion on aquatic communities in eastern Europe. Journal of Shellfish Research 16:187203.
[75] Karatayev, A. Y., and L. E. Burlakova. 1995. The role of Dreissena in lake ecosystems. Russian Journal of Ecology 26:207211.
[76] Lauer, T. E., and T. S. McComish. 2001. Impact of zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) on fingernail clams (Sphaeriidae) in extereme southern Lake Michigan. Journal of Great Lakes Research 27:230238.
[77] Madenjian, C. P., G. L. Fahnenstiel, T. H. Johengen, T. F. Nalepa, H. A. Vanderploeg, G. W. Fleischer, P. J. Schneeberger, D. M. Benjamin, E. B. Smith, J. R. Bence, E. S. Rutherford, D. S. Lavis, D. M. Robertson, D. J. Jude, and M. P. Ebener. 2002. Dynamics of the Lake Michigan food web, 19702000. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 59:736753.
[78] Dettmers, J. M., M. J. Raffenberg, and A. K. Weis. 2003. Exploring zooplankton changes in southern Lake Michigan: Implications for yellow perch recruitment. Journal of Great Lakes Research 29:355364.
[79] Fleischer, G. W., T. J. DeSorcie, and J. D. Holuszko. 2001. Lakewide distribution of Dreissena in Lake Michigan, 1999. Journal of Great Lakes Research 27:252257.
[80] French, J. R. P., J. V. Adams, J. Craig, R. G. Stickel, S. J. Nichols, and G. W. Fleischer. 2007. Shellfree biomass and population dynamics of dreissenids in offshore Lake Michigan, 20012003. Journal of Great Lakes Research 33:536545.
[81] Nalepa, T. F., D. J. Hartson, D. L. Fanslow, G. A. Lang, and S. J. Lozano. 1998. Declines in benthic macroinvertebrate populations in southern Lake Michigan, 19801993. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 55:24022413.
[82] Holey, M. E., and T. N. Trudeau. 2005. The state of Lake Michigan in 2000. Special Publication 05-01, Great Lakes Fishery Commission.
[83] Reed, T., S. J. Wielgus, A. K. Barnes, J. J. Schiefelbein, and A. L. Fettes. 2004. Refugia and local controls: Benthic invertebrate dynamics in Lower Green Bay, Lake Michigan following zebra mussel invasion. Journal of Great Lakes Research 30:390396.
[84] Qualls, T. M., D. M. Dolan, T. Reed, M. E. Zorn, and J. Kennedy. 2007. Analysis of the impacts of the zebra mussel, Dreissena polymorpha, on nutrients, water clarity, and the chlorophyllphosphorus relationship in lower Green Bay. Journal of Great Lakes Research 33:617626.
[85] DeStasio, B. T., M. B. Schrimpf, A. E. Beranek, and W. C. Daniels. 2008. Increased chlorophyll a, phytoplankton abudance, and cyanobacterial occurence following invasion of Green Bay, Lake Michigan by dreissenid mussels. Aquatic Invasions 3:2127.
[86] Lederer, A., J. Massart, and J. Janssen. 2006. Impact of round gobies (Neogobius melanostomus) on dreissenids (Dreissena polymorpha and Dreissena bugensis) and the associated macroinvertebrate community across an invasion front. Journal of Great Lakes Research 32:110.
[87] Rutherford, E. S., K. A. Rose, E. L. Mills, J. L. Forney, C. M. Mayer, and L. G. Rudstam. 1999. Individual-based model simulations of a zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) induced energy shunt on walleye (Stizostedion vitreum) and yellow perch (Perca flavescens) populations in Oneida Lake, New York. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 56:21482160.
[88] Mayer, C. M., A. VanDeValk, J. L. Forney, L. G. Rudstam, and E. L. Mills. 2000. Response of yellow perch (Perca flavescens) in Oneida Lake, New York, to the establishment of zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha). Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 57:742754.
[89] Mayer, C. M., L. G. Rudstam, E. L. Mills, S. G. Cardiff, and C. A. Bloom. 2001. Zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha), habitat alteration, and yellow perch (Perca flavescens) foraging: system-wide effects and behavioural mechanisms. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 58:24592467.
[90] Mayer, C. M., R. A. Keats, L. G. Rudstam, and E. L. Mills. 2002. Scale-dependent effects of zebra mussels on benthic invertebrates in a large eutrophic lake. Journal of the North American Benthological Society 21:616633.
[91] Cecala, R. K., C. M. Mayer, K. L. Schulz, and E. L. Mills. 2008. Increased Benthic Algal Primary Production in Response to the Invasive Zebra Mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) in a Productive Ecosystem, Oneida Lake, New York. Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 50:14521466.
[92] Idrisi, N., E. L. Mills, L. G. Rudstam, and D. J. Stewart. 2001. Impact of zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) on the pelagic lower trophic levels of Oneida Lake, New York. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 58:14301441.
[93] Zhu, B., D. G. Fitzgerald, C. M. Mayer, L. G. Rudstam, and E. L. Mills. 2006. Alteration of ecosystem function by zebra mussels in Oneida Lake: Impacts on submerged macrophytes. Ecosystems 9:10171028.
[94] Horgan, M. J., and E. L. Mills. 1999. Zebra mussel filter feeding and food-limited production of Daphnia: recent changes in lower trophic level dynamics of Oneida Lake, New York, USA. Hydrobiologia 411:7988.
[95] Effler, S. W., R. K. Gelda, S. E. Field, A. J. P. Effler, E. B. Wallenberg, and D. A. Matthews. 2005. Changes in primary production in Onondaga Lake, NY: Magnitude, metrics, and drivers. Lake and Reservoir Management 21:4960.
[96] Haynes, J. M., T. W. Stewart, and G. E. Cook. 1999. Benthic macroinvertebrate communities in southwestern Lake Ontario following invasion of Dreissena: Continuing change. Journal of Great Lakes Research 25:828838.
[97] Haynes, J. M., N. A. Tisch, C. M. Mayer, and R. S. Rhyne. 2005. Benthic macroinvertebrate communities in southwestern Lake Ontario following invasion of Dreissena and Echinogammarus: 1983 to 2000. Journal of the North American Benthological Society 24:148167.
[98] Watkins, J. M., R. Dermott, S. Lozano, E. J. Mills, L. G. Rudstam, and J. Scharold. 2007. Evidence for remote effects of dreissenid mussels on the amphipod Diporeia: Analysis of Lake Ontario benthic surveys, 19722003. Journal of Great Lakes Research 33:642657.
[99] Lozano, S. J., J. V. Scharold, and T. F. Nalepa. 2001. Recent declines in benthic macroinvertebrate densities in Lake Ontario. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 58:518529.
[100] Dermott, R. 2001. Sudden disapperance of the amphipod Diporeia from eastern Lake Ontario, 19931995. Journal of Great Lakes Research 27:423433.
[101] Mills, E. L., J. M. Casselman, R. Dermott, J. D. Fitzsimons, G. Gal, K. T. Holeck, J. A. Hoyle, O. E. Johannsson, B. F. Lantry, J. C. Makarewicz, E. S. Millard, I. F. Munawar, M. Munawar, R. O'Gorman, R. W. Owens, L. G. Rudstam, T. Schaner, and T. J. Stewart. 2003. Lake Ontario: food web dynamics in a changing ecosystem (19702000). Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 60:471490.
[102] Johannsson, O. E., E. S. Millard, K. M. Ralph, D. D. Myles, D. M. Graham, W. D. Taylor, B. G. Giles, R. E. Allen, and B. Department of Fisheries and Oceans, ON
[Canada] Great Lakes Lab. 1998. The changing pelagia of Lake Ontario (1981 to 1995): A report of the DFO Long-Term Biomonitoring (Bioindex) Program. 07066457.
[103] Nicholls, K. H., L. Heintsch, and E. Carney. 2002. Univariate step-trend and Multivariate assessments of the apparent effects of P loading reductions and zebra mussels on the phytoplankton of the Bay of Quinte, Lake Ontario. Journal of Great Lakes Research 28:1531.
[104] Nicholls, K. H., G. J. Hopkins, and S. J. Standke. 1999. Reduced chlorophyll to phosphorus ratios in nearshore Great Lakes waters coincide with the establishment of dreissenid mussels. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 56:153161.
[105] Zhu, B., D. G. Fitzgerald, S. B. Hoskins, L. G. Rudstam, C. M. Mayer, and E. L. Mills. 2007. Quantification of historical changes of submerged aquatic vegetation cover in two bays of Lake Ontario with three complementary methods. Journal of Great Lakes Research 33:122135.
[106] Wilson, K. A., E. T. Howell, and D. A. Jackson. 2006. Replacement of zebra mussels by quagga mussels in the Canadian nearshore of Lake Ontario: The importance of substrate, round goby abundance, and upwelling frequency. Journal of Great Lakes Research 32:1128.
[107] Bailey, R. C., L. Grapentine, T. J. Stewart, T. Schaner, M. E. Chase, J. S. Mitchell, and R. Coulas. 1999. Driessenidae in Lake Ontario: Impact assessement at the whole lake and bay of Quinte spatial scales. Journal of Great Lakes Research 25:482491.
[108] Kilgour, B. W., R. C. Bailey, and E. T. Howell. 2000. Factors influencing changes in the nearshore benthic community on the Canadian side of Lake Ontario. Journal of Great Lakes Research 26:272286.
[109] Stewart, T. W., and J. M. Haynes. 1994. Benthic Macroinvertebrate Communities of Southwestern Lake Ontario Following Invasion of Dreissena. Journal of Great Lakes Research 20:479493.
[110] Morrison, B. J., and S. R. LaPan. 2007. The state of Lake Ontario in 2003. Special Publication 0701, Great Lakes Fishery Commission.
[111] Johannsson, O., M. Charlton, P. Chow-Fraser, R. Dermott, E. T. Howell, J. C. Makarewicz, E. S. Millard, E. L. Mills, and V. Richardson. 2007. Productivity and limnology. in B. J. Morrison and S. R. LaPan, editors. The State of Lake Ontario in 2003. Great Lakes Fishery Commission Special Publication 07-01, Ann Arbor, MI.
[112] Minns, C. K., and J. E. Moore. 2004. Modeling phosphorus management in the Bay of Quinte in the past, 1972 to 2001, and in the future. 2695, Great Lakes Laboratory for Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Burlington.
[113] CADMUS. 2007. Total maximum daily load (TMDL) for phosphorus in Little Sodus Bay. New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, Albany, New York, USA.
[114] Mercer, J. L., M. G. Fox, and C. D. Metcalf. 1999. Changes in benthos and three littoral zone fishes in a shallow, eutrophic Ontario lake following the invasion of the zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha). Journal of Lake and Reservoir Management 15:310323.
[115] Reeders, H. H., A. bij de Vaate, and R. Noordhuis. 1993. Potential of the Zebra Mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) for Water Quality Management. Pages 439451 in T. F. Nalepa and D. W. Schloesser, editors. IN: Zebra Mussels: Biology Impacts, and Control. Lewis Publishers. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, USA.
[116] Eimers, M. C., J. G. Winter, W. A. Scheider, S. A. Watmough, and K. H. Nicholls. 2005. Recent changes and patterns in the water chemistry of Lake Simcoe. Journal of Great Lakes Research 31:322332.
[117] Nicholls, K. 2001. Lake Simcoe water quality update: LSEMS phase II progress report, 19951999. Technical Report Imp. B.19, Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Biomonitoring Section, Environmental Monitoring and Reporting Branch.
[118] Herbert, P. D., C. C. Wilson, M. H. Murdoch, and R. Lazar. 1991. Demography and ecological impacts of the invading mollusc Dreissena polymorpha. Canadian Journal of Zoology 69:405409.
[119] Gillis, P. L., and G. L. Mackie. 1994. Impact of the zebra mussel, Dreissena polymorpha, on populations of Unionidae (Bivalvia) in Lake St. Clair. Canadian Journal of Zoology 72:12601271.
[120] Hunter, R. D., and K. A. Simons. 2004. Dreissenids in Lake St. Clair in 2001: Evidence for population regulation. Journal of Great Lakes Research 30:528537.
[121] Nalepa, T. F., J. F. Cavaletto, M. Ford, W. M. Gordon, and M. Wimmer. 1993. Seasonal and Annual Variation in Weight and Biochemical Content of the Zebra Mussel, DreissenaPolymorpha, in Lake St-Clair. Journal of Great Lakes Research 19:541552.
[122] Nalepa, T. F. 1994. Decline of Native Unionid Bivalves in Lake St Clair after Infestation by the Zebra Mussel, Dreissena-Polymorpha. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 51:22272233.
[123] Nalepa, T. F., D. J. Hartson, G. W. Gostenik, D. L. Fanslow, and G. A. Lang. 1996. Changes in the freshwater mussel community of Lake St Clair: From Unionidae to Dreissena polymorpha in eight years. Journal of Great Lakes Research 22:354369.
[124] Nalepa, T. F., D. J. Hartson, D. L. Fanslow, and G. A. Lang. 2001. Recent population changes in freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) and zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) in Lake St. Clair, U.S.A. American Malacological Bulletin 16:141145.
[125] Griffiths, R. W. 1993. Effects of Zebra Mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) on the Benthic Fauna of Lake St. Clair. IN: Zebra Mussels: Biology Boca Raton:45 ref.
[126] Griffiths, R. W., S. Thornley, and T. A. Edsall. 1991. Limnological Aspects of the St-Clair River. Hydrobiologia 219:97123.
[127] MacIsaac, H. J. 1996. Potential abiotic and biotic impacts of zebra mussels on the inland waters of North America. American Zoologist 36:287299.
[128] Wisenden, P. A., and R. C. Bailey. 1995. Development of Macroinvertebrate Community Structure Associated with Zebra Mussel (Dreissena-Polymorpha) Colonization of Artificial Substrates. Canadian Journal of Zoology-Revue Canadienne De Zoologie 73:14381443.
[129] Ricciardi, A., F. G. Whoriskey, and J. B. Rasmussen. 1996. Impact of the Dreissena invasion on native unionid bivalves in the upper St Lawrence River. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 53:14341444.
[130] Jurkiewicz-Karnkowska, E., and J. Zbikowski. 2004. Long-term changes and spatial variability of mollusc communities in selected habitats within the dam reservoir (Wloclawek Reservoir, Vistula River, Central Poland). Polish Journal of Ecology 52:491503.
[131] Jurkiewicz-Karnkowska, E. 2002. Occurrence of mollusc communities in a lowland dam reservoir colonized by Dreissena polymorpha (Pallas) (Sulejow Reservoir, central Poland). Polish Journal of Ecology 50:516.
[132] Ibelings, B. W., R. Portielje, E. Lammens, R. Noordhuis, M. S. van den Berg, W. Joosse, and M. L. Meijer. 2007. Resilience of alternative stable states during the recovery of shallow lakes from eutrophication: Lake Veluwe as a case study. Ecosystems 10:416.
[133] Horvath, T. G., K. M. Martin, and G. Lamberti. 1999. Effect of zebra mussels, Dreissena polymporpha, on macroinvertebrates in a lake-outlet stream. American Midland Naturalist 142:340347.
[134] Schloesser, D. W., W. P. Kovalak, G. D. Longton, K. L. Ohnesorg, and R. D. Smithee. 1998. Impact of zebra and quagga mussels (Dreissena spp.) on freshwater unionids (Bivalvia: Unionidae) in the Detroit River of the Great Lakes. American Midland Naturalist 140:299313.
[135] Schloesser, D. W., J. L. Metcalfe-Smith, W. P. Kovalak, G. D. Longton, and R. D. Smithee. 2006. Extirpation of freshwater mussels (Bivalvia : Unionidae) following the invasion of dreissenid mussels in an interconnecting river of the Laurentian Great Lakes. American Midland Naturalist 155:307320.
[136] Schloesser, D. W., and B. A. Manny. 2007. Restoration of Wildcelery, Vallisneria americana Michx., in the lower Detroit River of the Lake Huron-Lake Erie corridor. Journal of Great Lakes Research 33:819.
[137] Smith, R. E. H., J. A. Furgal, and D. R. S. Lean. 1998. The short-term effects of solar ultraviolet radiation on phytoplankton photosynthesis and photosynthate allocation under contrasting mixing regimes in Lake Ontario. Journal of Great Lakes Research 24:427441.
[138] Bastviken, D. T. E., N. F. Caraco, and J. J. Cole. 1998. Experimental measurements of zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) impacts on phytoplankton community composition. Freshwater Biology 39:375386.
[139] Strayer, D. L. 1999. Effects of alien species on freshwater mollusks in North America. Journal of the North American Benthological Society 18:7498.
[140] Strayer, D. L., N. Caraco, J. Cole, S. Findlay, and M. L. Pace. 1999. Transformation of freshwater ecosystems by bivalves. Bioscience 49:1927.
[141] Strayer, D. L., K. A. Hattala, and A. W. Kahnle. 2004. Effects of an invasive bivalve (Dreissena polymorpha) on fish in the Hudson River estuary. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 61:924941.
[142] Strayer, D. L., and H. M. Malcom. 2006. Long-term demography of a zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) population. Freshwater Biology 51:117130.
[143] Strayer, D. L., and H. M. Malcom. 2007. Effects of zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) on native bivalves: the beginning of the end or the end of the beginning? Journal of the North American Benthological Society 26:111122.
[144] Strayer, D. L., J. Powell, P. Ambrose, L. C. Smith, M. L. Pace, and D. T. Fischer. 1996. Arrival, spread, and early dynamics of a zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) population in the Hudson river estuary. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 53:11431149.
[145] Strayer, D. L., and L. C. Smith. 1996. Relationships between zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) and unionid clams during the early stages of the zebra mussel invasion of the Hudson River. Freshwater Biology 36:771779.
[146] Strayer, D. L., and L. C. Smith. 2000. Macroinvertebrates of a rocky shore in the freshwater tidal Hudson River. Estuaries 23:359366.
[147] Strayer, D. L., L. C. Smith, and D. C. Hunter. 1998. Effects of the zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) invasion on the macrobenthos of the freshwater tidal Hudson River. Canadian Journal of Zoology-Revue Canadienne De Zoologie 76:419425.
[148] Pace, M. L., S. E. G. Findlay, and D. Fischer. 1998. Effects of an invasive bivalve on the zooplankton community of the Hudson River. Freshwater Biology 39:103116.
[149] Caraco, N. F., J. J. Cole, S. E. G. Findlay, D. T. Fischer, G. G. Lampman, M. L. Pace, and D. L. Strayer. 2000. Dissolved oxygen declines in the Hudson River associated with the invasion of the zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha). Environmental Science & Technology 34:12041210.
[150] Caraco, N. F., J. J. Cole, P. A. Raymond, D. L. Strayer, M. L. Pace, S. E. G. Findlay, and D. T. Fischer. 1997. Zebra mussel invasion in a large, turbid river: Phytoplankton response to increased grazing. Ecology 78:588602.
[151] Caraco, N. F., J. J. Cole, and D. L. Strayer. 2006. Top-down control from the bottom: Regulation of eutrophication in a large river by benthic grazing. Limnology and Oceanography 51:664670.
[152] Findlay, S., M. L. Pace, and D. T. Fischer. 1998. Response of heterotrophic planktonic bacteria to the zebra mussel invasion of the tidal freshwater Hudson River. Microbial Ecology 36:131140.
[153] Findlay, S. 2006. Bacterial Abundance, Growth, and Metabolism in the Tidal Freshwater Hudson River. Cambridge University Press, 40 West 20th Street New York, New York 10011 USA.
[154] Fernald, S. H., N. F. Caraco, and J. J. Cole. 2007. Changes in cyanobacterial dominance following the invasion of the zebra mussel Dreissena polymorpha: Long-term results from the Hudson River Estuary. Estuaries and Coasts 30:163170.
[155] Strayer, D. L., M. L. Pace, N. F. Caraco, J. J. Cole, and S. E. G. Findlay. 2008. Hydrology and grazing jointly control a large-river food web. Ecology 89:1218.
[156] Strayer, D. L., and L. C. Smith. 2001. The zoobenthos of the freshwate rtidal Hudson River and its reponse to the zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) invasion. Arch.Hydrobiol.(Suppl.) 139:152.
[157] Grigorovich, I. A., and L. V. Shevtsova. 1995. Effect of Dreissena mussels on the distribution of zooplankton as exemplified by the main Kakhovka Canal. Pages 183193 in Proceedings of The Fifth International Zebra Mussel and Other Aquatic Nuisance Organisms Conference, Toronto, Canada.
[158] James, W. E., J. W. Barko, and H. L. Eakin. 2001. Phosphorus recycling by zebra mussels in relation to density and food resource availability. Hydrobiologia 455:5560.
[159] James, W. F., J. W. Barko, H. L. Eakin, A. C. Hendrickson, A. C. Miller, and J. Sauer. 2000. Nutrient recycling impacts by zebra mussels in Harper's Ferry slough, Upper Mississippi River.
[160] James, W. F., J. W. Barko, M. Davis, H. L. Eakin, J. T. Rogala, and A. C. Miller. 2000. Filtration and excretion by zebra mussels: Implications for water quality impacts in Lake Pepin, upper Mississippi River. Journal of Freshwater Ecology 15:429437.
[161] Hart, R. A., M. Davis, A. C. Miller, and J. W. Grier. 2002. Changes in the freshwater mussel communities of Lake Pepin, upper Mississippi River, Minnesota and Wisconsin, 19901997. American Malacological Bulletin 17:109122.
[162] Bruesewitz, D. A., J. L. Tank, M. J. Bernot, W. B. Richardson, and E. A. Strauss. 2006. Seasonal effects of the zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) on sediment denitrification rates in Pool 8 of the Upper Mississippi River. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 63:957969.
[163] Effler, S. W., and C. Siegfried. 1998. Tributary water quality feedback from the spread of zebra mussels: Oswego River, New York. Journal of Great Lakes Research 24:453463.
[164] Martel, A., D. A. Pathy, J. B. Madill, C. B. Renaud, S. L. Dean, and S. J. Kerr. 2001. Decline and regional exteripation of freshwater mussels (Unionidae) in a small river system invaded by Dreissena polymorpha: the Rideau River, 19932000. Canadian Journal of Zoology 79:21812191.
[165] Basu, B. K., and F. R. Pick. 1997. Phytoplankton and zooplankton development in a lowland, temperate river. Journal of Plankton Research 19:237253.
[166] Effler, S. W., S. R. Boone, C. Siegfried, and S. L. Ashby. 1998. Dynamics of zebra mussel oxygen demand in Seneca River, New York. Environmental Science & Technology 32:807812.
[167] Effler, S. W., and C. Siegfried. 1994. Zebra Mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) Populations in the Seneca River, New York - Impact on Oxygen Resources. Environmental Science & Technology 28:22162221.
[168] Effler, S. W., D. A. Matthews, C. M. Brooks-Matthews, M. G. Perkins, C. A. Siegfried, and J. M. Hassett. 2004. Water quality impacts and indicators of metabolic activity of the zebra mussel invasion of the Seneca River. Journal of the American Water Resources Association 40:737754.
[169] Canale, R. P., and S. C. Chapra. 2002. Modeling zebra mussel impacts on water quality of Seneca River, New York. Journal of Environmental Engineering-Asce 128:11581168.
[170] Effler, S. W., C. M. Brooks, K. Whitehead, B. Wagner, S. M. Doerr, M. Perkins, C. A. Siegfried, L. Walrath, and R. P. Canale. 1996. Impact of zebra mussel invasion on river water quality. Water Environment Research 68:205214.
[171] Ricciardi, A., F. G. Whoriskey, and J. B. Rasmussen. 1997. The role of the zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) in structuring macroinvertebrate communities on hard substrata. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 54:25962608.
[172] Mellina, E., and J. B. Rasmussen. 1994. Patterns in the Distribution and Abundance of Zebra Mussel (Dreissena-Polymorpha) in Rivers and Lakes in Relation to Substrate and Other Physicochemical Factors. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 51:10241036.
[173] Jones, L. A., and A. Ricciardi. 2005. Influence of physicochemical factors on the distribution and biomass of invasive mussels (Dreissena polymorpha and Dreissena bugensis) in the St. Lawrence River. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 62:19531962.
[174] Roditi, H. A., N. F. Caraco, J. J. Cole, and D. L. Strayer. 1996. Filtration of Hudson River water by the zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha). Estuaries 19:824832.
[175] James, W. F., J. W. Barko, and H. L. Eakin. 1997. Nutrient regeneration by the zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha). Journal of Freshwater Ecology 12:209216.
[176] Jack, J. D., and J. H. Thorp. 2000. Effects of the benthic suspension feeder Dreissena polymorpha on zooplankton in a large river. Freshwater Biology 44:569579.
[177] Cotner, J. B., W. S. Gardner, J. R. Johnson, R. H. Sada, J. F. Cavaletto, and R. T. Heath. 1995. Effects of zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) on bacterioplankton: Evidence for both size-selective consumption and growth stimulation. Journal of Great Lakes Research 21:517528.
[178] Gardner, W. S., J. F. Cavaletto, T. H. Johengen, J. R. Johnson, R. T. Heath, and J. B. Cotner. 1995. Effects of the zebra mussel, Dreissena polymorpha, on community nitrogen dynamics in Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron. Journal of Great Lakes Research 21:529544.
[179] Heath, R. T., G. L. Fahnenstiel, W. S. Gardner, J. F. Cavaletto, and S. J. Hwang. 1995. Ecosystem-level effects of zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha): An enclosure experiment in Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron. Journal of Great Lakes Research 21:501516.
[180] Thorp, J. H., and A. F. Casper. 2002. Potential effects on zooplankton from species shifts in planktivorous mussels: a field experiment in the St Lawrence River. Freshwater Biology 47:107119.
[181] Thorp, J. H., and A. F. Casper. 2003. Importance of biotic interactions in large rivers: An experiment with planktivorous fish, dreissenid mussels and zooplankton in the St Lawrence River. River Research and Applications 19:265279.
[182] Thorp, J. H., M. D. Delong, and A. F. Casper. 1998. In situ experiments on predatory regulation of a bivalve mollusc (Dreissena polymorpha) in the Mississippi and Ohio Rivers. Freshwater Biology 39:649+.
[183] Wilson, A. E. 2003. Effects of zebra mussels on phytoplankton and ciliates: a field mesocosm experiment. Journal of Plankton Research 25:905915.
[184] Miller, E. B., and M. C. Watzin. 2007. The effects of zebra mussels on the lower planktonic foodweb in lake champlain. Journal of Great Lakes Research 33:407420.
[185] Lavrentyev, P. J., W. S. Gardner, and L. Y. Yang. 2000. Effects of the zebra mussel on nitrogen dynamics and the microbial community at the sediment-water interface. Aquatic Microbial Ecology 21:187194.
[186] Thayer, S. A., R. C. Haas, R. D. Hunter, and R. H. Kushler. 1997. Zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) effects on sediment, other zoobenthos, and the diet and growth of adult yellow perch (Perca flavescens) in pond enclosures. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 54:19031915.
[187] Sarnelle, O., A. E. Wilson, S. K. Hamilton, L. B. Knoll, and D. F. Raikow. 2005. Complex interactions between the zebra mussel, Dreissena polymorpha, and the harmful phytoplankton, Microcystis aeruginosa. Limnology and Oceanography 50:896904.
[188] Raikow, D. F. 2004. Food web interactions between larval bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) and exotic zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha). Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 61:497504.
[189] Klerks, P. L., P. C. Fraleigh, and J. E. Lawniczak. 1996. Effects of zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) on seston levels and sediment deposition in western Lake Erie. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 53:22842291.
[190] Greenwood, K. S., and J. H. Thorp. 2001. Aspects of ecology and conservation of sympatric, prosobranch snails in a large river. Hydrobiologia 455:229236.
[191] Greenwood, K. S., J. H. Thorp, R. B. Summers, and D. L. Guelda. 2001. Effects of an exotic bivalve mollusc on benthic invertebrates and food quality in the Ohio River. Hydrobiologia 462:169172.