Daniel G. Brown, Kenneth M. Johnson, Thomas R. Loveland, and David M. Theobald. 2005. Rural land-use trends in the conterminous United States, 1950–2000. Ecological Applications 15:1851–1863.

Appendix A (Table A1). Summary table of population density and private-land areas occupied by urban, exurban, and crop land-uses for each ecoregion and county type. Population and settlement density data are from 1950, 1970, and 2000, whereas cropland areas are from 1949, 1974, and 1997.

				1949/1950				1970/1974				1997/2000
		N†	Area (in ha)	Population‡ density (per sq. km.)	Urban§ (%)	Exurban§ (%)	Cropland|| (%)	Population density (per sq. km.)	Urban (%)	Exurban (%)	Cropland (%)	Population density (per sq. km.)	Urban (%)	Exurban (%)	Cropland (%)
Conterminous U.S.	Metro-transitional	422	65,523,082	25	0.3%	7.2%	35.9%	37	0.9%	23.5%	30.6%	67	2.1%	49.8%	28.3%
	Metro-continuous	416	69,857,577	131	2.1%	16.6%	35.0%	189	5.7%	35.5%	27.2%	255	10.0%	52.3%	25.0%
	Nonmetro-Adjacent	876	143,786,398	12	0.1%	2.9%	33.3%	16	0.2%	13.1%	37.8%	21	0.4%	29.1%	36.8%
	Nonmetro-Nonadjacent	1395	282,444,320	9	0.1%	2.3%	34.6%	7	0.1%	4.9%	30.0%	8	0.2%	10.1%	29.4%
	Total	3109	561,611,377	27	0.3%	4.8%	34.5%	36	0.9%	13.0%	31.7%	49	1.7%	24.8%	30.6%
Eastern Temperate	Metro-transitional	326	40,360,093	32	0.4%	9.2%	37.0%	46	1.0%	31.3%	29.9%	78	2.5%	63.9%	27.6%
Forests¶	Metro-continuous	295	36,688,285	185	2.8%	24.0%	38.2%	246	6.9%	51.4%	28.2%	287	11.3%	69.8%	24.8%
	Nonmetro-Adjacent	642	84,033,849	19	0.1%	4.7%	38.2%	20	0.3%	17.2%	33.0%	26	0.4%	38.9%	31.7%
	Nonmetro-Nonadjacent	522	60,310,829	18	0.1%	3.6%	35.0%	17	0.2%	13.9%	30.7%	21	0.3%	29.8%	29.3%
	Total	1785	221,393,056	48	0.6%	8.4%	37.1%	61	1.5%	24.5%	31.0%	77	2.6%	46.0%	29.2%
Great Plains	Metro-transitional	52	11,744,825	14	0.1%	2.8%	46.8%	19	0.4%	9.1%	44.4%	40	1.1%	27.0%	42.5%
	Metro-continuous	66	15,302,372	54	1.0%	5.7%	42.0%	90	3.5%	14.2%	36.3%	148	6.6%	29.4%	35.6%
	Nonmetro-Adjacent	240	53,850,773	7	0.0%	1.8%	41.1%	7	0.1%	3.6%	41.9%	8	0.1%	5.8%	41.6%
	Nonmetro-Nonadjacent	510	127,922,419	5	0.0%	1.1%	44.5%	4	0.1%	2.2%	45.1%	4	0.1%	2.8%	44.9%
	Total	868	208,820,390	10	0.1%	1.7%	43.6%	12	0.4%	3.8%	43.6%	18	0.6%	6.9%	43.2%
Marine West Coast	Metro-transitional	7	814,386	34	0.5%	15.5%	24.1%	53	1.4%	30.1%	18.3%	118	4.3%	50.5%	17.4%
Forest	Metro-continuous	5	921,312	106	2.5%	16.2%	21.5%	175	6.2%	27.0%	15.6%	269	11.1%	46.6%	13.0%
	Nonmetro-Adjacent	6	814,140	19	0.3%	4.7%	10.9%	23	0.9%	20.3%	7.8%	33	0.9%	27.3%	8.3%
	Nonmetro-Nonadjacent	5	771,401	14	0.2%	3.0%	7.7%	18	0.5%	11.2%	5.2%	25	0.9%	22.4%	4.6%
	Total	23	3,321,239	46	0.9%	10.1%	16.3%	71	4.4%	34.2%	11.9%	118	4.6%	37.2%	11.0%
Mediterranean	Metro-transitional	11	4,181,662	21	0.3%	6.2%	38.8%	39	1.2%	15.2%	32.3%	80	2.7%	26.2%	34.2%
California	Metro-continuous	16	5,985,527	140	2.9%	9.5%	36.3%	262	8.2%	17.2%	28.2%	411	12.8%	28.0%	28.2%
	Nonmetro-Adjacent	7	1,969,367	6	0.0%	1.5%	34.1%	9	0.2%	5.9%	28.0%	18	0.5%	13.8%	27.5%
	Nonmetro-Nonadjacent	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	Total	34	12,136,556	77	1.5%	7.0%	36.8%	144	4.5%	14.7%	29.6%	233	7.3%	25.1%	30.2%
North American Desert	Metro-transitional	12	4,392,729	11	0.1%	2.3%	16.9%	14	0.4%	6.0%	19.5%	34	1.2%	18.3%	10.3%
	Metro-continuous	13	5,342,659	36	0.6%	6.4%	13.6%	84	3.2%	16.0%	11.1%	227	9.5%	34.9%	8.6%
	Nonmetro-Adjacent	26	8,544,396	5	0.0%	1.2%	23.5%	6	0.1%	2.7%	23.8%	11	0.3%	6.1%	23.9%
	Nonmetro-Nonadjacent	109	38,622,511	3	0.0%	0.6%	12.5%	4	0.1%	1.6%	14.0%	6	0.1%	4.1%	13.3%
	Total	160	56,902,294	7	0.1%	1.3%	14.6%	12	0.4%	3.4%	15.6%	30	1.1%	8.4%	14.2%
Northern Forests	Metro-transitional	5	1,485,474	15	0.2%	7.8%	13.1%	19	0.3%	17.6%	7.5%	26	0.4%	38.2%	6.1%
	Metro-continuous	11	3,009,738	73	1.3%	18.4%	11.3%	100	2.7%	31.3%	5.8%	114	4.1%	43.9%	4.8%
	Nonmetro-Adjacent	33	9,045,790	11	0.1%	7.5%	11.1%	13	0.2%	14.8%	7.2%	16	0.2%	34.4%	6.3%
	Nonmetro-Nonadjacent	64	16,383,834	9	0.1%	4.1%	10.6%	9	0.1%	8.3%	6.7%	11	0.2%	22.6%	5.9%
	Total	113	29,924,836	16	0.2%	6.7%	11.0%	20	0.4%	13.0%	6.8%	24	0.6%	29.1%	5.9%
Northwestern Forested	Metro-transitional	8	2,295,248	15	0.2%	5.1%	14.7%	25	0.6%	14.4%	11.7%	57	1.9%	31.6%	11.2%
Mountains	Metro-continuous	8	1,847,981	85	1.8%	15.8%	24.4%	148	5.4%	34.6%	17.7%	263	10.9%	54.2%	16.0%
	Nonmetro-Adjacent	34	6,099,159	9	0.1%	3.3%	11.9%	11	0.2%	8.1%	9.2%	11	0.5%	26.1%	9.4%
	Nonmetro-Nonadjacent	60	10,835,738	6	0.1%	1.9%	18.6%	7	0.2%	4.4%	15.7%	7	0.3%	11.4%	16.2%
	Total	110	21,078,127	15	0.2%	3.8%	16.8%	23	0.4%	7.3%	13.5%	23	1.4%	21.5%	13.7%
Southern Semi-arid	Metro-transitional	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Highlands	Metro-continuous	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	Nonmetro-Adjacent	2	788,000	5	0.1%	2.3%	2.4%	10	0.2%	5.6%	8.2%	20	0.4%	15.9%	6.5%
	Nonmetro-Nonadjacent	1	541,747	2	0.0%	0.2%	2.7%	3	0.1%	1.7%	3.7%	0	0.1%	4.2%	0.0%
	Total	3	1,329,747	4	0.0%	1.4%	2.5%	7	0.1%	4.0%	6.4%	14	0.3%	11.2%	3.9%
								0				0
Temperate Sierras	Metro-transitional	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	Metro-continuous	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	Nonmetro-Adjacent	4	2,149,409	3	0.0%	0.9%	2.7%	6	0.1%	3.7%	1.4%	14	0.4%	10.5%	1.0%
	Nonmetro-Nonadjacent	4	3,332,821	2	0.0%	0.5%	1.2%	2	0.0%	1.3%	0.5%	5	0.2%	2.8%	0.4%
	Total	8	5,482,230	2	0.0%	0.7%	1.8%	4	0.1%	2.3%	0.9%	9	0.3%	5.8%	0.6%
Tropical Wet Forests	Metro-transitional	1	248,664	3	0.0%	1.3%	1.9%	15	0.3%	6.9%	4.6%	101	6.2%	25.8%	11.3%
	Metro-continuous	2	759,703	26	0.3%	5.9%	11.2%	129	5.0%	12.2%	20.7%	363	18.3%	18.4%	28.5%
	Nonmetro-Adjacent	2	214,535	16	0.0%	1.3%	1.3%	32	0.1%	4.7%	10.8%	54	2.0%	18.4%	13.7%
	Nonmetro-Nonadjacent	0	0	0	0	0	0	0