Appendix E. ANOVA results for pre/post pairs analysis at the Cerro Grande fire, New Mexico, USA.
TABLE E1. Results of two-way ANOVA testing the effects of burn severity level and cover type on bird species (log-transformed) density differences before and after the Cerro Grande Fire, New Mexico. Densities were estimated for before-after transects stratified by burn severity level and cover type. Burn severity was retained in the final model; cover type was dropped from the model when P > 0.10 (indicated by dashed lines). Significant P values (P < 0.10) are shown in bold.
Burn Severity‡ |
Cover Type§ |
|||||
Species† |
F |
df |
P |
F |
df |
P |
Mourning Dove|| |
2.64 |
3, 17 |
0.083 |
4.05 |
1 17 |
0.060 |
Broad-tailed Hummingbird |
3.33 |
3, 18 |
0.043 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
Hairy Woodpecker |
1.71 |
3, 17 |
0.203 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
Northern Flicker§ |
1.58 |
3, 16 |
0.233 |
3.36 |
2, 16 |
0.060 |
Western Wood-pewee# |
1.23 |
3, 17 |
0.330 |
9.23 |
1, 17 |
0.007 |
Steller’s Jay |
1.85 |
3, 18 |
0.175 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
Mountain Chickadee |
0.74 |
3, 18 |
0.542 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
Pygmy Nuthatch |
0.18 |
3, 18 |
0.909 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
Western Bluebird |
3.49 |
3, 18 |
0.037 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
American Robin†† |
6.39 |
3, 17 |
0.004 |
5.81 |
1, 17 |
0.028 |
Virginia’s Warbler |
1.78 |
3, 18 |
0.187 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
Western Tanager |
2.11 |
3, 18 |
0.135 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
Spotted Towhee‡‡ |
1.47 |
3, 16 |
0.259 |
5.28 |
2,16 |
0.017 |
Chipping Sparrow |
2.39 |
3, 18 |
0.102 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
Black-headed Grosbeak |
0.66 |
3, 18 |
0.589 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
† See Appendix C for scientific names.
‡ Burn severity classes: unburned (n = 7), low (n = 6), moderate (n = 4), and high severity (n = 5).
§ Response variable is density/transect/burn severity level/cover type. All five cover types were combined into 2–3 groups based on preliminary results of GLM analyses using the full pre-fire data set. See text for details. Cover type classifications are: CBPINE = canyon bottom, ponderosa pine overstory, CBMIX = canyon bottom, mixed conifer overstory, CBDEC = canyon bottom, mixed coniferous/deciduous overstory, UPPINE = upland ponderosa pine, UPMIX = upland mixed coniferous.
|| Cover type 1 = CBDEC (unburned n = 1; low n = 2; moderate n = 1; high n = 1); Cover type 2 = CBPINE + CBMIX + UPPINE + UPMIX (unburned n = 6; low n = 4; moderate n = 3; high n = 4).
§ Cover type 1 = UPPINE (unburned n = 2; low n = 1; moderate n = 2; high n = 1); Cover type 2 = CBDEC + UPMIX (unburned n = 5; low n = 3; moderate n = 2; high n = 2). Cover type 3 = CBPINE + CBMIX ( low n = 2; high n = 5).
# Cover type 1 = CBDEC (unburned n = 1; low n = 2; moderate n = 1; high n = 1); Cover type 2 = CBPINE + CBMIX + UPPINE + UPMIX (unburned n = 6; low n = 4; moderate n = 3; high n = 2).
†† Cover type 1 = CBMIX + CBDEC (unburned n = 3; low n = 3; moderate n = 2; high n = 3); Cover type 2 = CBPINE + UPPINE + UPMIX (unburned n = 4; low n = 3; moderate n = 2; high n = 2).
‡‡ Cover type 1 = CBMIX + UPMIX (unburned n = 4; low n = 3; moderate n = 2; high n = 1); Cover type 2 = CBPINE + CBDEC (unburned n = 3; low n = 1; moderate n = 2; high n = 1); Cover type 3 = UPPINE (low n = 2; high n = 3).