Mitsue Shibata, Hiroshi Tanaka, Shigeo Iida, Shin Abe, Takashi Masaki, Kaoru Niiyama, and Tohru Nakashizuka. 2002. Synchronized annual seed production by 16 principal tree species in a temperate deciduous forest, Japan. Ecology 83:1727-1742.

Species		Unfertilized ovary fall in early stage of seed development				Correlation between the quantity of staminate aments and the number of total seeds				Correlation between the quantity of staminate aments and the percentage of mature seeds
						r	n	P		r	n	P
Betula grossa			no			-0.28	7	0.541		-0.33	7	0.477
Carpinus cordata			no			0.96	6	0.002		0.91	6	0.013
Carpinus japonica			no			0.80	5	0.105		0.66	5	0.230
Carpinus laxiflora			no			0.98	6	<0.001		0.91	6	0.011
Carpinus tschonoskii			no			0.96	6	0.002		0.87	6	0.024
Ostrya japonica			no			0.76	7	0.049		0.74	7	0.058
Fagus crenata			no			0.60	5	0.285		-0.60	5	0.289
Fagus japonica			no			0.99	4	0.012		0.08	4	0.923
Quercus crispula			yes			0.68	5	0.210		0.59	5	0.299
Quercus serrata			yes			0.58	7	0.170		0.61	7	0.148
Castanea crenata			yes			0.74	6	0.095		-0.69	6	0.133

   Note: The quantity of staminate aments (log transformed) is correlated with the number of total seeds (seeds belonging to all categories) and the percentage of mature seeds (the percentage of the number of sound, holed, and broken seeds to that of the total seeds).