Joseph A. Veech, Thomas O. Crist, and Keith S. Summerville. 2003. Intraspecific aggregation decreases local species diversity of arthropods. Ecology 84:3376–3382.

Source of Data†	Organisms	Sampling method‡	Scale§	Sites	Species
Andersen, A. N. 1986. Patterns of ant community organization in mesic southeastern Australia. Australian Journal of Ecology 11:87–97.	ants	PT	I	11	66
Andersen, A. N. 1997. Functional groups and patterns of organization in North American ant communities: a comparison with Australia. Journal of Biogeography 24:433–460.	ants	PT	I	9	83
Anderson, R. S., and J. S. Ashe. 2000. Leaf litter inhabiting beetles as surrogates for establishing priorities for conservation of selected tropical montane cloud forests in Honduras, Central America.  Biodiversity and Conservation 9:617–653.†	beetles	CL	I	17	517
As, S. 1984. Colonization of Baltic islands by winged and wingless carabid beetles. Journal of Biogeography 11:427–437.	beetles	PT	I	10	45
Baldi, A., and T. Kisbenedek. 1999. Orthopterans in small steppe patches: an investigation for the best-fit model of the species-area curve and evidences for their non-random distribution in the patches. Acta Oecologia 20:125–132.	grasshoppers	SN	I	27	36
Barrows, C. W. 2000. Tenebrionid species richness and distribution in the Coachella Valley sand dunes (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). Southwestern Naturalist 45:306–312.	beetles	PT	I	8	30
Boucher, S., and T. A. Wheeler. 2001. Diversity of Agromyzidae (Diptera) in disjunct grasslands of the southern Yukon Territory. Canadian Entomologist 133:593–621.	flies	SN, WP	B	6	34
Buddle, C. M., J. R. Spence, and D. W. Langor. 2000. Succession of boreal forest spider assemblages following wildfire and harvesting.  Ecography 23:424–436.†	spiders	PT, SN	I	12	105
Carleton, C. E., and H. W. Robison. 1998. Diversity of litter-dwelling beetles in the Ouachita Highlands of Arkansas, USA. Biodiversity and Conservation 7:1589–1605.†	beetles	CL	B	24	381
Cigliano, M. M., M. L. de Wysiecki, and C. E. Lange. 2000.  Grasshopper (Orthoptera: Acridoidea) species diversity in the Pampas, Argentina. Diversity and Distributions 6:81–91.	grasshoppers	SN	I	12	34
Claridge, M. F., and J. S. Singhrao. 1978. Diversity and altitudinal distribution of grasshoppers (Acridoidea) on a Mediterranean mountain. Journal of Biogeography 5:239–250.	grasshoppers	SN	F	10	29
Colville, J., M. D. Picker, and R. M. Cowling. 2002. Species turnover of monkey beetles (Scarabaeidae: Hopliini) along environmental and disturbance gradients in the Namaqualand region of the succulent Karoo, South Africa. Biodiversity and Conservation 11:243–264.	beetles	WP	B	7	21
Corey, D. T., and W. K. Taylor. 1989. Foliage-dwelling spiders in three central Florida plant communities. Journal of Arachnology 17:97–106.	spiders	SN	F	3	89
Daily, G. C., and P. R. Ehrlich. 1995. Preservation of biodiversity in small rainforest patches: rapid evaluations using butterfly trapping.  Biodiversity and Conservation 4:35–55.	butterflies	FT	I	8	38
Davis, A. L. V., C. H. Scholtz, and S. L. Chown. 1999. Species turnover, community boundaries and biogeographical composition of dung beetle assemblages across an altitudinal gradient in South Africa. Journal of Biogeography 26:1039–1055.	beetles	PT	I	7	74
Davis, A. J., J. D. Holloway, H. Huijbregts, J. Krikken, A. H. Kirk-Spriggs, and S. L. Sutton. 2001. Dung beetles as indicators of change in the forests of northern Borneo. Journal of Applied Ecology 38:593–616.	beetles	FT, PT	B	10	72
De Bruyn, L., S. Thys, J. Scheirs, and R. Verhagen. 2001. Effects of vegetation and soil on species diversity of soil dwelling Diptera in a heathland ecosystem. Journal of Insect Conservation 5:87–97.	flies	FT, PT	F	11	31
Di Giulio, M., P. J. Edwards, and E. Meister. 2001. Enhancing insect diversity in agricultural grasslands: the roles of management and landscape structure. Journal of Applied Ecology 38:310–319.†	true bugs	SN	I	24	93
Eyre, M. D., D. A. Lott, and M. L. Luff. 2001. The rove beetles (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) of exposed riverine sediments in Scotland and northern England: habitat classification and conservation aspects.  Journal of Insect Conservation 5:173–186.†	beetles	PT	I	24	446
Feber, R. E., J. Bell, P. J. Johnson, L. G. Firbank, and D. W. Macdonald. 1998. The effects of organic farming on surface-active spider (Araneae) assemblages in wheat in southern England, UK.  Journal of Arachnology 26:190–202.	spiders	PT	I	6	41
Fermon, H., M. Waltert, T. B. Larsen, U. Dall’Asta, and M. Muhlenberg. 2000. Effects of forest management on diversity and abundance of fruit-feeding nymphalid butterflies in south-eastern Cote d’Ivoire. Journal of Insect Conservation 4:173–189.	butterflies	FT	I	3	97
Floren, A., and E. Linsenmair. 2000. Do ant mosaics exist in pristine lowland rainforests? Oecologia 123:129–137.†	ants	IF	F	19	194
Flores-Maldonado, K. Y., S. A. Phillips, and G. Sanchez-Ramos. 1999. The myrmecofauna (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) along an altitudinal gradient in the Sierra Madre Oriental of northeastern Mexico. Southwestern Naturalist 44:457–461.	ants	PT	F	6	23
Fournier, E., and M. Loreau. 2001. Respective roles of recent hedges and forest patch remnants in the maintenance of ground-beetle (Coleoptera: Carabidae) diversity in an agricultural landscape.  Landscape Ecology 16:17–32.	beetles	PT	F	6	40
Freitag, R., L. Hastings, W. R. Mercer, and A. Smith. 1973. Ground beetle populations near a kraft mill.  Canadian Entomologist 105:299–310.	beetles	PT	F	6	21
Gandhi, K. J. K., J. R. Spence, D. W. Langor, and L. E. Morgantini.  2001. Fire residuals as habitat reserves for epigaeic beetles (Coleoptera:  Carabidae and Staphylinidae). Biological Conservation 102:131–141.†	beetles	PT	I	16	22
Gering, J. C., T. O. Crist, and J. A. Veech. 2003. Additive partitioning of species diversity across multiple spatial scales: implications for regional conservation of biodiversity.  Conservation Biology, in press.	beetles	IF	I	6	467
Gering, J. C., (see entry above)	beetles	IF	I	6	347
Ghazoul, J. 2002. Impact of logging on the richness and diversity of forest butterflies in a tropical dry forest in Thailand. Biodiversity and Conservation 11:521–541.	butterflies	VO	I	3	53
Hanski, I., and P. Hammond. 1986. Assemblages of carrion and dung Staphylinidae in tropical rainforests on Sarawak, Borneo.  Annales Entomologici Fennici 52:1–19.	beetles	PT	I	9	83
Holliday, N. J. 1991. Species responses of carabid beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) during post-fire regeneration of boreal forest. Canadian Entomologist 123:1369–1389.	beetles	PT	I	4	33
Huhta, V., and M. Raatikainen. 1974. Spider communities of leys and winter cereal fields in Finland. Annales Zoologici Fennici 11:97–104.	spiders	SN	I	21	70
Huhta, V., and M. Raatikainen. 1974. Spider communities of leys and winter cereal fields in Finland. Annales Zoologici Fennici 11:97–104.	spiders	SN	I	6	54
Kitahara, M., and K. Sei. 2001. A comparison of the diversity and structure of butterfly communities in semi-natural and human-modified grassland habitats at the foot of Mt. Fuji, central Japan. Biodiversity and Conservation 10:331–351.	butterflies	VO	F	6	48
Koskela, H. 1972. Habitat selection of dung-inhabiting staphylinids (Coleoptera) in relation to age of the dung. Annales Zoologici Fennici 9:156–171.	beetles	PT, VO	I	3	132
Kotze, D. J., and M. J. Samways. 1999. Invertebrate conservation at the interface between the grassland matrix and the natural Afromontane forest fragments. Biodiversity and Conservation 8:1339–1363.	ants	PT	B	5	46
Kotze, D. J., and M. J. Samways. 1999. Invertebrate conservation at the interface between the grassland matrix and the natural Afromontane forest fragments. Biodiversity and Conservation 8:1339–1363.	beetles	PT	B	5	30
Kulfan, M., P. Degma, and H. Kalivoda. 1997. Lepidoptera of different grassland types across the Morava floodplain. Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera 34:39–47.	butterflies	SN	I	9	67
Landolt, P. J. and P. C. Hammond. 2001. Species’ composition of moths captured in traps baited with acetic acid and 3-methyl-1-butanol in Yakima County, Washington. Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society 55:53–58.	butterflies	FT	I	4	60
Levesque, C., and G. Levesque. 1994. Abundance and seasonal activity of weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in a raspberry plantation and adjacent sites in southern Quebec (Canada). Great Lakes Entomologist 27:23–29.	beetles	FT, PT	F	4	65
Levesque, C., and G. Levesque. 1994. Abundance and seasonal activity of ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) in a raspberry plantation and adjacent sites in southern Quebec (Canada). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 67:73–101.	beetles	FT, PT	F	4	108
Lewis, C. N., and J. B. Whitfield. 1999. Braconid wasps (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) diversity in forest plots under different silvicultural methods.  Environmental Entomology 28:986–997.	parasitoid wasps	FT	I	9	251
MacKenzie, K. E., and G. C. Eickwort. 1996. Diversity and abundance of bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) foraging on highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) in central New York.  Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 69:185–194.	bees	SN	I	4	44
Magura, T., V. Kodobocz, and B. Tothmeresz. 2001. Effects of habitat fragmentation on carabids in forest patches.  Journal of Biogeography 28:129–138.†	beetles	PT	I	15	56
Majer, J. D., R. L. Kitching, B. E. Heterick, K. Hurley, and K. E. C. Brennan. 2001. North-south patterns within arboreal ant assemblages from rainforests in eastern Australia. Biotropica 33:643–661.†	ants	IF	B	10	92
Martikainen, P., J. Siitonen, P. Punttila, L. Kaila, and J. Rauh. 2000.  Species richness of Coleoptera in mature managed and old-growth boreal forests in southern Finland. Biological Conservation 94:199–209.†	beetles	FT	I	30	553
Martin-Cano, J., and J. M. Ferrin. 1998. Changes in butterfly diversity in three reforested areas in Spain. Journal of the Lepidoptersts' Society 52:151–165.	butterflies	VO	I	6	53
Martin-Piera, F., C. M. Veiga, and J. M. Lobo. 1992. Ecology and biogeography of dung-beetle communities (Coleoptera, Scarabaeoidea) in an Iberian mountain range. Journal of Biogeography 19:677–691.	beetles	PT	I	14	57
Menendez, R., and D. Gutierrez. 1996. Altitudinal effects on habitat selection of dung beetles (Scarabaeoidea: Aphodiidae) in the northern Iberian peninsula. Ecography 19:313–317.	beetles	PT	I	9	19
Muma, M. H. 1973. Comparison of ground surface spiders in four central Florida ecosystems. Florida Entomologist 56:173–196.	spiders	PT	I	4	127
Niemela, J., E. Ranta, and Y. Haila. 1985. Carabid beetles in lush forest patches on the Aland islands, south-west Finland: an island–mainland comparison.  Journal of Biogeography 12:109–120.	beetles	PT	I	10	28
Niemela, J., E. Halme, T. Pajunen, and Y. Haila. 1986.  Sampling spiders and carabid beetles with pitfall traps: the effect of increased sampling effort.  Annales Entomologici Fennici 52:109–111.	spiders	PT	I	3	44
Niemela, J., Y. Haila, and E. Ranta. 1986. Spatial heterogeneity of carabid beetle dispersion in uniform forests on the Aland Islands, sw Finland.  Annales Zoologici Fennici 23:289–296.	beetles	PT	I	4	20
Niemela, J., Y. Haila, and E. Halme. 1988. Carabid beetles on isolated Baltic islands and on the adjacent Aland mainland: variation in colonization success. Annales Zoologici Fennici 25:133–143.	beetles	PT	I	4	59
Niemela, J., J. R. Spence, and D. H. Spence. 1992. Habitat associations and seasonal activity of ground beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) in central Alberta. Canadian Entomologist 124:521–540.	beetles	PT	I	5	54
Pinheiro, C. E. G., and J. V. C. Ortiz. 1992. Communities of fruit-feeding butterflies along a vegetation gradient in central Brazil. Journal of Biogeography 19:505–511.	butterflies	FT	F	14	46
Pollet, M.  2001. Dolichopodid biodiversity and site quality assessment of reed marshes and grasslands in Belgium (Diptera: Dolichopodidae). Journal of Insect Conservation 5:99–116.	flies	WP	I	16	41
Punttila, P., Y. Haila, and H. Tukia. 1996. Ant communities in taiga clearcuts: habitat effects and species interactions. Ecography 19:16–28.	ants	PT	F	4	24
Ramos, F. A. 2000. Nymphalid butterfly communities in an amazonian forest fragment. Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera 35:29–41.	butterflies	FI	F	12	90
Refseth, D. 1980. Ecological analyses of carabid communities ¾ potential use in biological classification for nature conservation.  Biological Conservation 17:131–141.	beetles	PT	I	6	17
Romero-Alcarez, E. and J. M. Avila. 2000. Landscape heterogeneity in relation to variation in epigaeic beetle diversity of a Mediterranean ecosystem: implications for conservation. Biodiversity and Conservation 9:985–1005.	beetles	PT	F	9	168
Rushton, S. P., M. L. Luff, and M. D. Eyre. 1989. Effects of pasture improvement and management on the ground beetle and spider communities of upland grasslands. Journal of Applied Ecology 26:489–503.	beetles	PT	I	19	46
Rushton, S. P., M. L. Luff, and M. D. Eyre. 1989. Effects of pasture improvement and management on the ground beetle and spider communities of upland grasslands. Journal of Applied Ecology 26:489–503.	spiders	PT	I	19	62
Russell-Smith, A., and N. E. Stork. 1995. Composition of spider communities in the canopies of rainforest trees in Borneo. Journal of Tropical Ecology 11:223–235.	spiders	IF	F	10	188
Sanchez-Rodriguez, J. F., and A. Baz. 1995. The effects of elevation on the butterfly communities of a Mediterranean mountain, Sierra de Javalambre, central Spain. Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society 49:192–207.	butterflies	VO	I	10	101
Sheldon, J. K. and L. E. Rogers. 1984. Seasonal and habitat distribution of tenebrionid beetles in shrub-steppe communities of the Hanford site in eastern Washington. Environmental Entomology 13:214–220.	beetles	PT	I	7	15
Shorrocks, B. 1975. The distribution and abundance of woodland species of British Drosophila (Diptera: Drosophilidae).  Journal of Animal Ecology 44:851–864.	fruitflies	FT	F	5	15
Summerville, K. S., M. J. Boulware, J. A. Veech, and T. O. Crist. 2003. Spatial variation in species diversity and composition of forest Lepidoptera: patterns and implications for conservation. Conservation Biology, in press.	moths	BL	I	5	447
Summerville, K. S., (see entry above)	moths	BL	I	5	473
Torrusio, S., M. M. Cigliano, and M. L. de Wysiecki. 2002.  Grasshopper (Orthoptera: Acridoidea) and plant community relationships in the Argentine pampas. Journal of Biogeography 29:221–229.†	grasshoppers	SN	I	27	15
Usher, M. B., and S. W. J. Keiller. 1998. The macrolepidoptera of farm woodlands: determinants of diversity and community structure.  Biodiversity and Conservation 7:725–748.	moths	BL	B	18	213
Vincent, L. S., and G. W. Frankie. 1985. Arthropod fauna of live oak in urban and natural stands in Texas.  IV. The spider fauna (Araneae).  Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 58:378–385.	spiders	BB, SN, VO	I	3	22
Wachter, D. H., K. M. O’Neill, and W. P. Kemp. 1998.  Grasshopper (Orthoptera: Acrididae) communities on an elevational gradient in southwestern Montana.  Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 71:35–43.	grasshoppers	SN	I	11	25
Weibull, A., J. Bengtsson, and E. Nohlgren. 2000. Diversity of butterflies in the agricultural landscape: the role of farming system and landscape heterogeneity. Ecography 23:743–750.	butterflies	VO	B	16	42
Whitfield, J. B., and C. N. Lewis. 2001. Analytical survey of the braconid wasp fauna (Hymenoptera: Braconidae0 on six midwestern U.S. tallgrass prairies. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 94:230–238.	parasitoid wasps	FT	B	6	184
Ysnel, F., and A. Canard. 2000. Spider biodiversity in connection with the vegetation structure and the foliage orientation of hedges.  Journal of Arachnology 28:107–114.	spiders	BB	F	6	80

^†Raw data not available in published source (data obtained from author) but see cited reference for description of sampling protocol.

^‡Sites were separated by 50m – 2km (F = fine scale), 2km – 100 km (I = intermediate scale), or 50km – 100 km or greater (B = broad scale).

^§Sampling method was either branch beating (BB), black-lighting (BL), collection of leaf litter (CL), flight-intercept trapping (FT), insecticide fogging (IF), pitfall trapping (PT), sweep-netting (SN), visual observation (VO), vacuum suctioning (VS), or trapping in a water pan (WP).