Appendix C. A table showing published cases of plant–herbivore interactions used in the meta-analysis.
Table C3. Published cases of plant–herbivore interactions used in a meta-analysis (MA) to assess the performance of phytophagous insects on experimentally water-stressed host plants, as well as to assess the effect of water stress on plant nitrogen and leaf water content. The taxonomy of herbivores (order, family, and species) and their host plants (family and species) are given.
Major Guild
Sub-guild
Herbivore Order
Herbivore Family
Herbivore
Host Family
Host Plant
Herbivore
d (var)Nitrogen
d (var)% Water
d (var)Reference
Chewer
Chewer
Chewing Insects
Zygophyllaceae
Larrea tridentata [DC] Cov.
0.5715
(0.1388)[24]
Chewer
Free-living
Orthoptera
multiple species
Zygophyllaceae
Larrea tridentata [DC] Cov.
-0.3286
(0.2534)[39]
Chewer
Free-living
Orthoptera
Acrididae
Bootettix argentalus Bruner
Zygophyllaceae
Larrea tridentata [DC] Cov.
0.7464
(0.2674)[39]
Chewer
Free-living
Coleoptera
NA
multiple species
Myrtaceae
Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh.
0.517
(0.3445)[42]
Chewer
Free-living
Coleoptera
NA
multiple species
Zygophyllaceae
Larrea tridentata [DC] Cov.
-1.7749
(0.3484)[39]
Chewer
Free-living
Coleoptera
Chrysomelidae
Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say)
Solanaceae
Solanum berthaultii Hawkes
-0.1309
(0.0954)[35]
Chewer
Free-living
Coleoptera
Chrysomelidae
Paropsis atomaria Oliver
Myrtaceae
Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh.
0.3199
(0.1286)12.0722
(12.811)-15.305
(20.1872)[30]
Chewer
Free-living
Coleoptera
Coccinellidae
Epilachna varivestis Muslant
Fabaceae
Glycine max (L.) Merr.
-1.398
(0.425)[29]
Chewer
Free-living
Lepidoptera
Geometridae
Semiothesia sp.
Zygophyllaceae
Larrea tridentata [DC] Cov.
0.9251
(0.2767)[39]
Chewer
Free-living
Lepidoptera
Lasiocampidae
Malacosoma disstria Hubner
Aceraceae
Acer saccharum Marsh.
-0.8577
(0.1213)0.8727
(0.1952)-18.4399
(4.838)[38]
Chewer
Free-living
Lepidoptera
Lasiocampidae
Malacosoma disstria Hubner
Salicaceae
Populus tremuloides Michx.
-1.1451
(0.1293)-0.6299
(0.1332)-27.66
(10.737)[38]
Chewer
Free-living
Lepidoptera
Lymantriidae
Lymantria dispar L.
Betulaceae
Betula papyrifera CloneS5
0.2358
(0.1489)[43]
Chewer
Free-living
Lepidoptera
Noctuidae
Helicoverpa zea (Boddie)
Poaceae
Zea mays L.
0.5256
(0.0694)[41]
Chewer
Free-living
Lepidoptera
Noctuidae
Helicoverpa zea (Boddie)
Solanaceae
Lycopersicon esculentum var. Agriset
-1.3022
(0.1731)-0.3114
(0.1446)-1.1487
(0.1667)[18]
Chewer
Free-living
Lepidoptera
Noctuidae
Mythimna convecta (Walker)
Poaceae
Astrebla lappacea (Lindl.) Domin
-6.4342
(4.1166)-0.6197
(0.6987)-14.6643
(18.5268)[36]
Chewer
Free-living
Lepidoptera
Pieridae
Pieris rapae L.
Brassicaceae
Brassica napus L.
0.657
(0.0785)12.1995
(13.069)-16.9283
(24.547)[30]
Chewer
Free-living
Lepidoptera
Pieridae
Pieris rapae L.
Brassicaceae
Brassica oleracea L.
-0.8235
(0.217)[34]
Chewer
Free-living
Hymenoptera
Dipronidae
Neodiprion autumnalis Smith
Pinaceae
Pinus ponderosa Doug ex. Laws
-0.6105
(0.0355)[27, 45]
Chewer
Free-living
Hymenoptera
Diprionidae
Neodiprion fulviceps Cresson
Pinaceae
Pinus ponderosa Doug ex. Laws
-0.3417
(0.0564)[45]
Chewer
Free-living
Hymenoptera
Diprionidae
Neodiprion gilletei (Rohwer)
Pinaceae
Pinus ponderosa Doug ex. Laws
-0.8711
(0.00973)[28]
Chewer
Free-living
Hymenoptera
Diprionidae
Neodiprion sertifer (Geoff.)
Pinaceae
Pinus silvestris L.
1.04
(0.00443)[5]
Chewer
Borer
Coleoptera
Buprestidae
Agrilus bilineatus (Weber)
Fagaceae
Quercus alba L.
2.3513
(0.6764)[8]
Chewer
Borer
Coleoptera
Cerambycidae
Phoracantha semipunctata (F.)
Myrtaceae
Eucalyptus globulus (Labill.)
4.0176
(0.3598)[4]
Chewer
Borer
Coleoptera
Cerambycidae
Phoracantha semipunctata (F.)
Myrtaceae
Eucalyptus tereticornis Sm.
0.7568
(0.5691)[15]
Chewer
Borer
Coleoptera
Scolytidae
Dendroctonus frontalis Zimm.
Pinaceae
Pinus taeda L.
-0.7685
(0.138)[9]
Chewer
Borer
Coleoptera
Scolytidae
Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins
Pinaceae
Pinus contorta Douglas var. latifolia Engelmann
0.9325
(0.6454)[32]
Chewer
Borer
Lepidoptera
Gelechiidae
Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders)
Malvaceae
Gossypium hirsutum L.
0.7802
(0.1793)[11]
Chewer
Miner
Lepidoptera
Gelechiidae
Aproaerema modicella (Deventer)
Fabaceae
Arachis hypogeae L.
4.7982
(0.3169)[48]
Chewer
Miner
Lepidoptera
Gracilleriidae
Cameraria sp. B
Fagaceae
Quercus emoryi Torr.
-1.0582
(0.57)-0.0539
(0.5002)[3]
Chewer
Miner
Lepidoptera
Yponomeutidae
Prays fraxinella Bjerk.
Oleaceae
Fraxinus excelsior L.
1.0648
(0.1522)[12]
Chewer
Miner
Diptera
Agromyzidae
Agromyza nigripes Meigen
Poaceae
Holcus lanatus L.
-1.5796
(0.2939)[7]
Chewer
Miner
Diptera
Agromyzidae
Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess)
Solanaceae
Lycopersicon esculentum var. Agriset
-1.9738
(0.2124)-0.3114
(0.1446)-1.1487
(0.1664)[18]
Chewer
Miner
Diptera
Drosophilidae
Scaptomyza nigrita Wheeler
Brassicaceae
Cardamine cordifolia A. Gray
4.0037
(1.2015)-0.3233
(0.4052)[25]
Chewer
Gall Former
Diptera
Cecidomyiidae
multiple species
Zygophyllaceae
Larrea tridentata [DC] Cov.
0.5697
(0.2601)[39]
Chewer
Gall Former
Diptera
Cecidomyiidae
Asphondylia clavata Gagne
Zygophyllaceae
Larrea tridentata [DC] Cov.
-2.3228
(0.4186)[39]
Chewer
Gall Former
Diptera
Cecidomyiidae
Asphondylia digitata Gagne
Zygophyllaceae
Larrea tridentata [DC] Cov.
-1.2323
(0.2975)[39]
Chewer
Gall Former
Diptera
Cecidomyiidae
Asphondylia resinosa Gagne
Zygophyllaceae
Larrea tridentata [DC] Cov.
-0.585
(0.2607)[39]
Chewer
Gall Former
Diptera
Cecidomyiidae
Asphondylia silicula Gagne
Zygophyllaceae
Larrea tridentata [DC] Cov.
-1.6456
(0.3346)[39]
Chewer
Gall Former
Diptera
Cecidomyiidae
Asphondylia villosa Gagne
Zygophyllaceae
Larrea tridentata [DC] Cov.
-1.6312
(0.3332)[39]
Chewer
Gall Former
Hymenoptera
Tenthredinidae
Euura lasiolepis Smith
Salicaceae
Salix lasiolepis Bentham
-1.855
(0.0737)5.1465
(2.873)[6, 37, 46]
Sap-feeder
Sap-feeder
NA
NA
Sap-feeding Insects
Zygophyllaceae
Larrea tridentata [DC] Cov.
-0.5292
(0.138)[24]
Sap-feeder
Sap-feeder
Hemiptera
NA
multiple species
Zygophyllaceae
Larrea tridentata [DC] Cov.
0.0602
(0.2501)[39]
Sap-feeder
Sap-feeder
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Cicadellid 1
Zygophyllaceae
Larrea tridentata [DC] Cov.
0
(0.25)[39]
Sap-feeder
Sap-feeder
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Cicadellid 2
Zygophyllaceae
Larrea tridentata [DC] Cov.
-1.1556
(0.2917)[39]
Sap-feeder
Sap-feeder
Hemiptera
Coccoidea
multiple species
Zygophyllaceae
Larrea tridentata [DC] Cov.
-0.1067
(0.2504)[39]
Sap-feeder
Phloem
Hemiptera
Adelgidae
Adelges abietis L.
Pinaceae
Picea abies Karst
-0.5637
(0.04339)[2]
Sap-feeder
Phloem
Hemiptera
Aleyrodidae
Bemisia argentifolii Bellows & Perring
Malvaceae
Gossypium hirsutum L.
-0.1215
(0.1336)[40]
Sap-feeder
Phloem
Hemiptera
Aleyrodidae
Bemisia argentifolii Bellows & Perring
Solanaceae
Lycopersicon esculentum var. Agriset
-1.0835
(0.1638)-0.3114
(0.1446)-1.1487
(0.1664)[18]
Sap-feeder
Phloem
Hemiptera
Aleyrodidae
Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) B-biotype
Cucurbitacae
Cucumis melo L.
0.347
(0.127)0.3343
(0.2535)[19]
Sap-feeder
Phloem
Hemiptera
Aleyrodidae
Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) B-biotype
Malvaceae
Gossypium hirsutum L.
1.3472
(0.1023)[11]
Sap-feeder
Phloem
Hemiptera
Aphididae
Aphis fabae Scop.
Brassicaeae
Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medic.
1.1324
(0.0596)3.6347
(0.5303)-0.7572
(0.2143)[13]
Sap-feeder
Phloem
Hemiptera
Aphididae
Aphis fabae Scop.
Celastraceae
Euonymus euopaeus L.
-2.8878
(0.5158)[20, 21]
Sap-feeder
Phloem
Hemiptera
Aphididae
Aphis fabae Scop.
Fabaceae
Vicia faba L.
-1.740
(0.461)1.5264
(0.6426)-2.8808
(1.1019)[21]
Sap-feeder
Phloem
Hemiptera
Aphididae
Brevicoryne brassicae (L).
Brassicaceae
Brassica napus L.
1.7775
(0.1116)6.7176
(2.2136)[31]
Sap-feeder
Phloem
Hemiptera
Aphididae
Cinara costata Zett.
Pinaceae
Picea abies Karst
0.3721
(0.2035)[23]
Sap-feeder
Phloem
Hemiptera
Aphididae
Diuraphis noxia (Mordvilko)
Poaceae
Triticum aestivum L.
1.8034
(0.3518)[1]
Sap-feeder
Phloem
Hemiptera
Aphididae
Elatobium abietinum (Walker)
Pinaceae
Picea sitchensis (Bang.) Carr.
-1.8838
(0.1964)[26, 47]
Sap-feeder
Phloem
Hemiptera
Aphididae
Pemphigus betae Doane
Chenopodiaceae
Chenopodium album L.
-1.009
(0.1409)[33]
Sap-feeder
Phloem
Hemiptera
Aphididae
Pemphigus betae Doane
Polygonaceae
Rumex crispus L.
-1.1204
(0.1446)[33]
Sap-feeder
Phloem
Hemiptera
Aphididae
Sitobion avenae F.
Poaceae
Triticum aestivum L.
-0.3457
(0.1287)[10]
Sap-feeder
Phloem
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Empoasca fabae (Harris)
Fabaceae
Medicago sativa L.
-1.141
(0.012)[16, 17]
Sap-feeder
Phloem
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Empoasca kerri Pruthi
Fabaceae
Arachis hypogaea L.
-3.7572
(0.2821)[48]
Sap-feeder
Phloem
Hemiptera
Membracidae
multiple species
Zygophyllaceae
Larrea tridentata [DC] Cov.
0.1993
(0.2512)[39]
Sap-feeder
Phloem
Hemiptera
Membracidae
Multireoides sp.
Zygophyllaceae
Larrea tridentata [DC] Cov.
-1.8783
(0.3603)[39]
Sap-feeder
Phloem
Hemiptera
Psyllidae
multiple species
Zygophyllaceae
Larrea tridentata [DC] Cov.
-0.3088
(0.253)[39]
Sap-feeder
Phloem
Hemiptera
Psyllidae
Aphalara sp.
Brassicaeae
Cardamine cordifolia A. Gray
-3.7248
(0.5594)0.116
(0.4052)[25]
Sap-feeder
Phloem
Hemiptera
Tachardiidae
Tachardiella larreae (Comstock)
Zygophyllaceae
Larrea tridentata [DC] Cov.
0.5067
(0.258)[39]
Sap-feeder
Mesophyll
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Erythroneura elegantula Osborn
Vitaceae
Vitis vinifera L.
-2.5958
(1.2282)[44]
Sap-feeder
Mesophyll
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Erythroneura variabilis Beamer
Vitaceae
Vitis vinifera L.
-2.0568
(1.0192)[44]
Sap-feeder
Mesophyll
Hemiptera
Miridae
Lygus hesperus Knight
Malvaceae
Gossypium hirsitum L.
-1.8906
(0.5787)[11]
Sap-feeder
Mesophyll
Hemiptera
Miridae
Parthenicus sp.
Zygophyllaceae
Larrea tridentata [DC] Cov.
-1.2024
(0.2952)[39]
Sap-feeder
Mesophyll
Hemiptera
Miridae
Phytocoris sp.
Zygophyllaceae
Larrea tridentata [DC] Cov.
-0.5935
(0.261)[39]
Sap-feeder
Mesophyll
Hemiptera
Miridae
Phytocoris vanduzeei Reuter
Zygophyllaceae
Larrea tridentata [DC] Cov.
-0.1173
(0.2504)[39]
Sap-feeder
Mesophyll
Hemiptera
Miridae
Pseudatomoscelis seriatus (Reuter)
Malvaceae
Gossypium hirsutum L.
-1.3749
(0.6181)[11]
Sap-feeder
Xylem
Hemiptera
Diaspididae
Pseudaulacaspis pentagona (Targioni Tozzetti)
Moraceae
Morus alba L.
-0.3294
(0.2027)[14]
Sap-feeder
Gall Former
Hemiptera
Phylloxeridae
Daktulosphaira vitifoliae (Fitch)
Vitaceae
Vitis arizonica Engelm.
-1.2332
(0.2975)[22]
Notes: Each herbivore effect size and variance [d (var)] in the Herbivore column was constructed as a composite response variable composed of all possible herbivore responses (herbivore density, survivorship, fecundity, relative growth rate, and oviposition preference) for each plant–herbivore interaction (as determined by MA of all response variables available for each herbivore). Effect sizes and variances [d (var)] for plant nitrogen (Nitrogen column) and % leaf water content (% Water column) were calculated for those studies that measured these plant variables. Published studies used to calculate effect sizes and variances are numbered in the Ref column and full references appear at the end of the table. Positive effect sizes indicate enhanced performance, elevated nitrogen or increased water content on stressed plants compared to controls, whereas negative effect sizes indicate an adverse effect of plant stress on herbivore performance, plant nitrogen, or leaf water content.
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