Juan Manuel Morales, Daniel T. Haydon, Jacqui Frair, Kent E. Holsinger, and John M. Fryxell. 2004. Extracting more out of relocation data: building movement models as mixtures of Random Walks. Ecology 85:2436–2445.

Appendix A. Mean and 95 % credibility intervals for the posterior distributions of model parameters.

Table A1. Single model.

	elk-115	elk-163	elk-287	elk-363
a	1.066 (0.919, 1.225)	1.233 (1.047, 1.437)	1.154 (0.978, 1.350)	1.256 (1.091, 1.431)
b	0.692 (0.620, 0.767)	0.499 (0.444, 0.558)	0.576 (0.512, 0.641)	0.627 (0.566, 0.688)
	3.198 (2.857, 3.564)	3.194 (2.798, 3.591)	2.115 (0.598, 5.138)	2.994 (2.104, 3.952)
	0.261 (0.156, 0.363)	0.263 (0.147, 0.375)	0.089 (0.005, 0.200)	0.124 (0.019, 0.229)

 

Table A2. Double model.

	elk-115	elk-163	elk-287	elk-363
a1	1.462 (1.089, 1.990)	7.990 (4.558, 13.530)	5.255 (3.343, 9.251)	3.873 (2.560, 5.711)
a2	1.028 (0.821, 1.245)	0.672 (0.445, 0.916)	0.654 (0.431, 0.895)	0.913 (0.715, 1.129)
b1	1.430 (1.011, 1.942)	1.052 (0.838, 1.303)	1.215 (0.992, 1.494)	1.223 (0.972, 1.501)
b2	0.543 (0.452, 0.640)	0.590 (0.469, 0.738)	0.615 (0.489, 0.767)	0.578 (0.485, 0.679)
1	3.171 (-3.131, 3.138)	3.176 (-3.112, 3.105)	2.710 (-3.068, 3.089)	2.966 (2.701, 3.129)
2	0.638 (-2.926, 2.947)	3.141 (-3.127, 3.129)	0.277 (-0.519, 1.284)	6.055 (-1.264, 0.751)
1	0.564 (0.391, 0.705)	0.179 (0.010, 0.408)	0.283 (0.092, 0.442)	0.477 (0.314, 0.614)
2	0.077 (0.003, 0.216)	0.341 (0.074, 0.550)	0.300 (0.047, 0.513)	0.205 (0.027, 0.369)

 

Table A3. Double with covariates.

	elk-163	elk-287	elk3-63
a1	4.802 (2.477, 8.434)	3.739 (2.893, 4.719)	2.141 (1.561, 2.788)
a2	0.292 (0.018, 0.750)	0.106 (0.019, 0.350)	0.066 (0.004, 0.200)
b1	0.892 (0.691, 1.110)	1.073 (0.924, 1.232)	0.844 (0.706, 0.980)
b2	0.962 (0.532, 1.854)	1.338 (0.757, 1.931)	1.732 (1.134, 2.736)
1	6.256 (-2.978, 2.986)	-0.013 (-3.007, 2.950)	1.645 (-2.981, 2.986)
2	2.511 (-2.987, 2.951)	-0.022 (-2.992, 2.952)	6.142 (-2.966, 2.990)
1	0.018 (0.000, 0.066)	0.017 (0.000, 0.061)	0.013 (0.000, 0.047)
2	0.037 (0.001, 0.138)	0.606 (0.403, 0.761)	0.359 (0.068, 0.633)
v1	0.122 (-19.360, 19.990)	-7.717 (-22.390, 2.075)	8.588 (-0.694, 22.920)
v2	4.161 (1.402, 12.610)	5.825 (3.615, 8.969)	3.346 (1.568, 5.730)
v3	-7.595 (-23.270, 2.222)	-0.174 (-13.840, 5.243)	9.275 (1.318, 23.140)
v4	-0.053 (-19.420, 19.400)	1.538 (-0.853, 4.206)	-0.211 (-19.670, 19.310)
v5	-5.975 (-21.040, 3.268)	0.088 (-5.404, 3.617)	1.337 (-4.349, 14.250)
v6	-0.138 (-19.800, 19.740)	-0.053 (-19.930, 19.580)	0.230 (-19.510, 20.000)
v7	1.194 (-0.395, 2.491)	2.136 (1.205, 3.094)	3.206 (2.130, 4.618)
v8	-0.923 (-13.130, 2.392)	0.160 (-2.650, 3.039)	2.358 (0.305, 4.641)
v9	-1.178 (-15.030, 4.273)	-0.530 (-3.285, 2.088)	8.758 (1.410, 23.330)
v10	0.127 (-19.820, 18.970)	9.797 (1.766, 23.560)	2.607 (-1.013, 9.293)

 

Table A4. Switch model.

	elk-115	elk-163	elk-287	elk-363
a1	1.262 (1.063, 1.495)	8.314 (4.433, 14.990)	3.606 (2.853, 4.536)	3.672 (1.998, 6.522)
a2	1.164 (0.973, 1.364)	0.689 (0.168, 0.993)	0.154 (0.031, 0.413)	0.881 (0.496, 1.161)
b1	0.442 (0.340, 0.560)	1.064 (0.844, 1.321)	1.051 (0.907, 1.207)	1.193 (0.838, 1.592)
b2	1.306 (1.081, 1.717)	0.602 (0.462, 1.042)	1.167 (0.692, 1.729)	0.588 (0.464, 0.758)
1	2.999 (-3.046, 3.047)	3.205 (-3.127, 3.125)	2.620 (2.059, 3.196)	2.971 (2.622, 3.247)
2	3.160 (-3.133, 3.135)	3.136 (-3.115, 3.117)	0.118 (0.005, 0.370)	5.962 (0.036, 6.247)
1	0.089 (0.004, 0.245)	0.313 (0.119, 0.482)	0.226 (0.101, 0.347)	0.427 (0.231, 0.619)
2	0.408 (0.267, 0.589)	0.183 (0.011, 0.422)	0.582 (0.383, 0.741)	0.217 (0.019, 0.506)
q1,2	0.086 (0.023, 0.249)	0.173 (0.036, 0.575)	0.349 (0.151, 0.557)	0.329 (0.148, 0.554)
q2,1	0.136 (0.036, 0.288)	0.142 (0.041, 0.294)	0.096 (0.045, 0.158)	0.295 (0.097, 0.526)

 

Table A5. Switch with covariates.

	elk-115	elk-287	elk-363
a1	1.544 (1.311, 1.811)	3.668 (2.846, 4.679)	2.151 (1.616, 2.803)
a2	0.038 (0.005, 0.093)	0.248 (0.049, 0.674)	0.129 (0.010, 0.495)
b1	0.887 (0.779, 1.000)	1.064 (0.911, 1.245)	0.842 (0.711, 0.976)
b2	1.786 (1.273, 2.531)	0.979 (0.544, 1.545)	1.466 (0.743, 2.325)
1	-1.462 (-3.129, 3.130)	2.312 (-3.030, 3.056)	2.378 (-3.092, 3.121)
2	0.942 (-1.873, 2.583)	0.036 (-0.263, 0.389)	-0.461 (-1.057, 0.068)
1	0.311 (0.207, 0.411)	0.232 (0.106, 0.354)	0.226 (0.113, 0.349)
2	0.291 (0.017, 0.619)	0.538 (0.299, 0.730)	0.459 (0.157, 0.705)
1	3.070 (2.282, 4.026)	2.425 (1.690, 3.409)	2.292 (1.405, 3.416)
2	-0.531 (-6.742, 5.587)	-2.977 (-8.109, 2.076)	-1.140 (-6.019, 3.655)
m2,1	-0.041 (-6.236, 6.155)	-0.121 (-6.096, 6.056)	-0.191 (-6.174, 5.921)
m2,2	-0.281 (-5.308, 4.987)	0.168 (-3.119, 2.492)	0.042 (-3.520, 3.577)
m2,3	0.764 (-5.338, 6.792)	-0.338 (-6.399, 5.713)	1.626 (-4.367, 7.318)
m2,4	-3.210 (-7.945, 1.420)	1.276 (-0.363, 2.959)	1.302 (-0.519, 3.508)
m2,5	4.025 (-0.927, 9.281)	2.139 (-1.506, 5.685)	3.151 (-0.383, 6.941)
m2,6	-0.015 (-6.209, 6.230)	0.054 (-6.171, 6.190)	-0.135 (-6.086, 5.961)
m2,7	2.705 (-0.651, 6.312)	0.283 (-4.908, 5.502)	5.062 (0.277, 9.706)
m2,8	-0.342 (-6.480, 5.935)	-1.060 (-7.121, 4.852)	-0.331 (-6.104, 5.724)
m2,9	0.654 (-5.753, 6.709)	-1.383 (-7.147, 4.443)	-0.235 (-5.995, 5.706)
m2,10	-0.712 (-4.079, 2.544)	-0.248 (-1.928, 1.359)	-0.950 (-3.217, 1.268)

 

Table A6. Triple switch.

	elk-115	elk-163	elk-287	elk-363
a1	24.06 (12.52, 37.09)	12.43 (5.70, 25.44)	19.41 (9.72, 31.22)	11.05 (3.84, 23.56)
a2	1.354 (1.124, 1.632)	3.292 (0.858, 11.530)	3.538 (2.589, 4.667)	3.582 (2.098, 5.736)
a3	0.073 (0.007, 0.251)	0.239 (0.012, 0.827)	0.165 (0.057, 0.346)	0.432 (0.071, 0.793)
b1	0.895 (0.851, 1.000)	1.150 (0.889, 1.441)	1.406 (1.131, 1.670)	0.519 (0.324, 0.734)
b2	1.167 (1.014, 1.341)	0.947 (0.529, 2.386)	1.458 (1.158, 1.926)	1.203 (0.968, 1.475)
b3	1.572 (0.923, 2.407)	1.150 (0.501, 1.960)	1.120 (0.772, 1.515)	0.933 (0.642, 1.593)
1	4.156 (-3.037, 3.005)	-0.750 (-3.125, 3.123)	2.148 (-3.011, 3.006)	1.126 (-2.806, 2.850)
2	3.117 (-3.114, 3.138)	0.101 (-3.089, 3.093)	2.753 (2.241, 3.112)	3.056 (-3.136, 3.108)
3	1.080 (-1.523, 2.501)	0.243 (-3.121, 3.120)	0.067 (-0.201, 0.372)	5.721 (-1.754, 0.409)
1	0.148 (0.005, 0.405)	0.329 (0.111, 0.511)	0.129 (0.007, 0.328)	0.236 (0.011, 0.564)
2	0.349 (0.228, 0.464)	0.180 (0.006, 0.617)	0.318 (0.152, 0.478)	0.330 (0.160, 0.506)
3	0.316 (0.022, 0.642)	0.291 (0.018, 0.653)	0.561 (0.374, 0.719)	0.270 (0.035, 0.536)
q1,1	0.724 (0.480, 0.815)	0.839 (0.544, 0.904)	0.689 (0.543, 0.739)	0.870 (0.593, 0.955)
q1,2	0.041 (0.008, 0.054)	0.077 (0.001, 0.084)	0.044 (0.001, 0.057)	0.018 (0.001, 0.022)
q1,3	0.069 (0.002, 0.097)	0.241 (0.034, 0.331)	0.367 (0.190, 0.429)	0.042 (0.001, 0.039)
q2,1	0.094 (0.004, 0.131)	0.095 (0.009, 0.122)	0.053 (0.003, 0.074)	0.067 (0.000, 0.094)
q2,2	0.926 (0.847, 0.951)	0.603 (0.103, 0.762)	0.938 (0.801, 0.972)	0.769 (0.598, 0.822)
q2,3	0.328 (0.070, 0.411)	0.309 (0.015, 0.424)	0.044 (0.002, 0.062)	0.424 (0.063, 0.517)
q3,1	0.181 (0.024, 0.247)	0.066 (0.003, 0.088)	0.258 (0.132, 0.305)	0.064 (0.001, 0.091)
q3,2	0.034 (0.001, 0.046)	0.320 (0.061, 0.417)	0.018 (0.001, 0.024)	0.214 (0.057, 0.264)
q3,3	0.603 (0.360, 0.685)	0.449 (0.155, 0.565)	0.589 (0.410, 0.654)	0.534 (0.280, 0.615)

Table A7. Switch constrained.

	elk-115	elk-163	elk-287	elk-363
a1	1.525 (1.272, 1.790)	3.630 (2.475, 5.023)	3.455 (2.824, 4.509)	2.262 (1.715, 3.005)
a2	0.046 (0.004, 0.171)	0.034 (0.009, 0.049)	0.019 (0.028, 0.208)	0.034 (0.009, 0.049)
b1	0.883 (0.769, 0.996)	0.829 (0.687, 0.976)	1.034 (0.896, 1.195)	1.012 (0.865, 1.183)
b2	1.771 (1.084, 2.687)	1.645 (1.391, 2.105)	1.903 (1.015, 1.764)	1.911 (1.609, 2.429)
1	3.190 (-3.116, 3.138)	-0.607 (-3.126, 3.126)	2.613 (-3.011, 3.060)	1.751 (-3.115, 3.130)
2	1.101 (-2.057, 2.575)	0.256 (-3.115, 3.117)	0.027 (-0.228, 0.300)	-0.455 (-1.123, 0.134)
1	0.310 (0.207, 0.414)	0.248 (0.114, 0.373)	0.209 (0.106, 0.339)	0.234 (0.116, 0.345)
2	0.292 (0.018, 0.642)	0.265 (0.017, 0.545)	0.616 (0.406, 0.759)	0.426 (0.126, 0.673)
q1,2	0.047 (0.019, 0.093)	0.157 (0.087, 0.238)	0.099 (0.051, 0.161)	0.115 (0.057, 0.185)
q2,1	0.421 (0.204, 0.666)	0.616 (0.427, 0.790)	0.372 (0.184, 0.567)	0.635 (0.422, 0.820)