Appendix A. Studies included in the meta-analysis with treatment and control means and standard deviation. See Appendix B for full literature citations.
Author-date |
Subsidy |
Donor |
Recipient |
Recipient |
Trophic |
Study |
n |
Treatment |
Units |
Treatment |
Control |
Units |
Control |
Response |
Barrett et al. 2005 |
marine debris |
ocean |
islands |
Uta stansburiana |
predator |
descriptive |
2 |
9 |
no. sighted/h |
1 |
25 |
no. sighted/h |
4 |
abundance |
Barrett et al. 2005 |
marine bird guano |
ocean |
islands |
Uta stansburiana |
predator |
descriptive |
9 |
26 |
no. sighted/h |
8 |
78 |
no. sighted/h |
20 |
abundance |
Bastow et al. 2002 |
algal mats |
stream |
cobble bars |
tetrigidae |
detritivore |
descriptive |
3 |
0.0707 |
no./m2 |
0.1141 |
0.2173 |
no./m2 |
0.2082 |
density |
Bastow et al. 2002 |
algal mats |
stream |
cobble bars |
tetrigidae |
detritivore |
descriptive |
3 |
0.0294 |
no./m2 |
0.0336 |
1.075 |
no./m2 |
0.6041 |
density |
Bastow et al. 2002 |
algal mats |
stream |
cobble bars |
tetrigidae |
detritivore |
descriptive |
3 |
0.0191 |
no./m2 |
0.0336 |
1.154 |
no./m2 |
0.8693 |
density |
Bastow et al. 2002 |
algal mats |
stream |
cobble bars |
tetrigidae |
detritivore |
manipulative |
6 |
1.121 |
no./m2 |
0.8355 |
35.96 |
no./m2 |
24.4046 |
density |
Bastow et al. 2002 |
algal mats |
stream |
cobble bars |
acrididae |
detritivore |
manipulative |
3 |
0.02 |
no./m2 |
0.0346 |
0.14 |
no./m2 |
0.1386 |
density |
Bastow et al. 2002 |
algal mats |
stream |
cobble bars |
gelastocoridae |
detritivore |
manipulative |
3 |
0.05 |
no./m2 |
0.052 |
4.1 |
no./m2 |
0.1559 |
density |
Baxter et al. 2004 |
aquatic insects |
stream |
riparian forest |
spiders |
predator |
manipulative |
4 |
0.0252 |
no./m2 |
0.0271 |
0.1452 |
no./m2 |
0.04 |
density |
Bomkamp et al. 2004 |
marine debris |
oil platforms |
ocean floor |
echinoderms |
predator |
manipulative |
3 |
0.5 |
no./m2 |
0.4 |
2.5 |
no./m2 |
1 |
density |
Bomkamp et al. 2004 |
marine debris |
oil platforms |
ocean floor |
mollusks |
detritivore |
manipulative |
3 |
0.1 |
no./m2 |
0.2 |
0.45 |
no./m2 |
0.2 |
density |
Bouchard and Bjorndal 2000 |
marine turtle eggs |
ocean |
coast |
racoons |
omnivore |
descriptive |
2 |
1 |
percent |
28 |
percent |
percent of total |
||
Bouchard and Bjorndal 2000 |
marine turtle eggs |
ocean |
coast |
ghost crabs |
omnivore |
descriptive |
2 |
1 |
percent |
2.5 |
percent |
percent of total |
||
Bouchard and Bjorndal 2000 |
marine turtle eggs |
ocean |
coast |
plants |
producer |
descriptive |
2 |
1 |
percent |
23 |
percent |
percent of total |
||
Eggert and Wallace 2003 |
leaf litter |
forest |
stream |
Pycnopsyche gentilis |
detritivore |
manipulative |
4 |
2 |
no./m2 |
175 |
no./m2 |
abundance |
||
Gende and Willson 2001 |
salmon |
ocean |
forest |
birds |
insectivore |
descriptive |
7 |
4.21 |
no./station/day |
0.7 |
5.14 |
no./station/day |
0.7408 |
density |
Gende and Willson 2001 |
salmon |
ocean |
forest |
Pacific Slope Flycatcher |
insectivore |
descriptive |
7 |
0.29 |
no./station/day |
0.7 |
no./station/day |
density |
||
Gende and Willson 2001 |
salmon |
ocean |
forest |
Townsends Warbler |
insectivore |
descriptive |
7 |
0.45 |
no./station/day |
0.6 |
no./station/day |
density |
||
Gende and Willson 2001 |
salmon |
ocean |
forest |
Golden crowned Kinglet |
insectivore |
descriptive |
7 |
0.43 |
no./station/day |
0.54 |
no./station/day |
density |
||
Gende and Willson 2001 |
salmon |
ocean |
forest |
Chestnut backed Chickadee |
insectivore |
descriptive |
7 |
0.36 |
no./station/day |
0.42 |
no./station/day |
density |
||
Gende and Willson 2001 |
salmon |
ocean |
forest |
Dark-eyed Junco |
insectivore |
descriptive |
7 |
0 |
no./station/day |
0.03 |
no./station/day |
density |
||
Gende and Willson 2001 |
salmon |
ocean |
forest |
Pine Siskin |
insectivore |
descriptive |
7 |
0 |
no./station/day |
0.03 |
no./station/day |
density |
||
Gende and Willson 2001 |
salmon |
ocean |
forest |
Tree Swallow |
insectivore |
descriptive |
7 |
0 |
no./station/day |
0.01 |
no./station/day |
density |
||
Gende and Willson 2001 |
salmon |
ocean |
forest |
Western Tanager |
insectivore |
descriptive |
7 |
0 |
no./station/day |
0.01 |
no./station/day |
density |
||
Gende and Willson 2001 |
salmon |
ocean |
forest |
Varied Thush |
insectivore |
descriptive |
7 |
0.39 |
no./station/day |
0.4 |
no./station/day |
density |
||
Gende and Willson 2001 |
salmon |
ocean |
forest |
American Robin |
insectivore |
descriptive |
7 |
0.11 |
no./station/day |
0.1 |
no./station/day |
density |
||
Gende and Willson 2001 |
salmon |
ocean |
forest |
Fox Sparrow |
insectivore |
descriptive |
7 |
0.04 |
no./station/day |
0 |
no./station/day |
density |
||
Gende and Willson 2001 |
salmon |
ocean |
forest |
Winter Wren |
insectivore |
descriptive |
7 |
0.63 |
no./station/day |
0.58 |
no./station/day |
density |
||
Gende and Willson 2001 |
salmon |
ocean |
forest |
Ruby crowned Kinglet |
insectivore |
descriptive |
7 |
0.17 |
no./station/day |
0.13 |
no./station/day |
density |
||
Gende and Willson 2001 |
salmon |
ocean |
forest |
Hermit Thush |
insectivore |
descriptive |
7 |
0.3 |
no./station/day |
0.25 |
no./station/day |
density |
||
Gende and Willson 2001 |
salmon |
ocean |
forest |
Swainson's Thush |
insectivore |
descriptive |
7 |
0.07 |
no./station/day |
0.01 |
no./station/day |
density |
||
Gende and Willson 2001 |
salmon |
ocean |
forest |
Orange-crowned Warbler |
insectivore |
descriptive |
7 |
0.12 |
no./station/day |
0.04 |
no./station/day |
density |
||
Gende and Willson 2001 |
salmon |
ocean |
forest |
Yellow Warbler |
insectivore |
descriptive |
7 |
0.08 |
no./station/day |
0 |
no./station/day |
density |
||
Gende and Willson 2001 |
salmon |
ocean |
forest |
Wilson's Warbler |
insectivore |
descriptive |
7 |
0.28 |
no./station/day |
0.05 |
no./station/day |
density |
||
Henschel et al. 2001 |
aquatic insects |
stream |
riparian forest |
horizontal orb weavers |
predator |
descriptive |
9 |
9.2 |
no./m2 |
7.1 |
21.9 |
no./m2 |
21.1 |
density |
Henschel et al. 2001 |
aquatic insects |
stream |
riparian forest |
horizontal orb weavers |
predator |
descriptive |
9 |
10.5 |
no./m2 |
8.1 |
21.9 |
no./m2 |
21.1 |
density |
Iwata et al. 2003 |
aquatic insects |
stream |
riparian forest |
flycatchers |
insectivore |
descriptive |
26 |
0.44 |
no. ind. |
41.5198 |
no. ind. |
density |
||
Iwata et al. 2003 |
aquatic insects |
stream |
riparian forest |
gleaners |
insectivore |
descriptive |
26 |
11.31 |
no. ind. |
219.9078 |
no. ind. |
density |
||
Iwata et al. 2003 |
aquatic insects |
stream |
riparian forest |
bark probers |
insectivore |
descriptive |
26 |
2.43 |
no. ind. |
17.8934 |
no. ind. |
density |
||
Johnson et al. 2003 |
leaf litter |
forest |
stream |
stoneflies |
predator |
manipulative |
2 |
0.9 |
percent mortalist |
0.3 |
0.55 |
percent mortality |
0.2 |
mortality |
Johnson et al. 2003 |
leaf litter |
forest |
stream |
stoneflies |
predator |
manipulative |
2 |
0.9 |
percent mortalist |
0.3 |
0.55 |
percent mortality |
0.2 |
mortality |
Johnson et al. 2003 |
leaf litter |
forest |
stream |
stoneflies |
predator |
manipulative |
2 |
0.9 |
percent mortalist |
0.3 |
0.55 |
percent mortality |
0.2 |
mortality |
Johnson et al. 2003 |
leaf litter |
forest |
stream |
stoneflies |
predator |
manipulative |
2 |
0.9 |
percent mortalist |
0.3 |
0.55 |
percent mortality |
0.2 |
mortality |
Kato et al. 2003 |
aquatic insects |
stream |
riparian forest |
horizontal orb weavers |
predator |
manipulative |
6 |
0.25 |
no./m2 |
0.098 |
0.65 |
no./m2 |
0.2205 |
density |
Kato et al. 2003 |
aquatic insects |
stream |
riparian forest |
horizontal orb weavers |
predator |
manipulative |
6 |
0.09 |
no./m2 |
0.0735 |
0.34 |
no./m2 |
0.1225 |
density |
Kato et al. 2003 |
aquatic insects |
stream |
riparian forest |
horizontal orb weavers |
predator |
manipulative |
6 |
0.03 |
no./m2 |
0.049 |
0.1 |
no./m2 |
0.1225 |
density |
Kato et al. 2003 |
aquatic insects |
stream |
riparian forest |
vertical orb weavers |
predator |
manipulative |
6 |
0.31 |
no./m2 |
0.0735 |
0.24 |
no./m2 |
0.098 |
density |
Kato et al. 2003 |
aquatic insects |
stream |
riparian forest |
vertical orb weavers |
predator |
manipulative |
6 |
0.24 |
no./m2 |
0.0735 |
0.24 |
no./m2 |
0.0735 |
density |
Kato et al. 2003 |
aquatic insects |
stream |
riparian forest |
vertical orb weavers |
predator |
manipulative |
6 |
0.06 |
no./m2 |
0.049 |
0.07 |
no./m2 |
0.049 |
density |
Kato et al. 2003 |
aquatic insects |
stream |
riparian forest |
sheet weavers |
predator |
manipulative |
6 |
0.41 |
no./m2 |
0.1715 |
0.52 |
no./m2 |
0.2449 |
density |
Kato et al. 2003 |
aquatic insects |
stream |
riparian forest |
sheet weavers |
predator |
manipulative |
6 |
0.24 |
no./m2 |
0.1225 |
0.33 |
no./m2 |
0.147 |
density |
Kato et al. 2003 |
aquatic insects |
stream |
riparian forest |
sheet weavers |
predator |
manipulative |
6 |
0.11 |
no./m2 |
0.098 |
0.17 |
no./m2 |
0.098 |
density |
Kawaguchi and Nakano 2001 |
terrestrial invertebrates |
forest |
stream |
salmonids |
predator |
descriptive |
2 |
1273 |
dry mass/100mg/150m2 |
325.1277 |
2821 |
dry mass/100mg/150m2 |
379.2921 |
biomass |
Kawaguchi and Nakano 2001 |
terrestrial invertebrates |
forest |
stream |
salmonids |
predator |
descriptive |
2 |
1692 |
dry mass/100mg/150m3 |
531.0372 |
4052 |
dry mass/100mg/150m3 |
433.4565 |
biomass |
Kawaguchi and Nakano 2001 |
terrestrial invertebrates |
forest |
stream |
salmonids |
predator |
descriptive |
2 |
2171 |
dry mass/100mg/150m4 |
498.5103 |
5972 |
dry mass/100mg/150m4 |
444.3459 |
biomass |
Kawaguchi and Nakano 2001 |
terrestrial invertebrates |
forest |
stream |
salmonids |
predator |
descriptive |
2 |
1456 |
dry mass/100mg/150m5 |
270.9633 |
2099 |
dry mass/100mg/150m5 |
359.4931 |
biomass |
Kawaguchi et al 2003 |
terrestrial invertebrates |
forest |
stream |
salmonids |
predator |
manipulative |
4 |
41.7 |
g dry mass/165 m2 |
1.5 |
55.2 |
g dry mass/165m2 |
2.9 |
biomass |
Kawaguchi et al 2003 |
terrestrial invertebrates |
forest |
stream |
salmonids |
predator |
manipulative |
4 |
212.5 |
g/dry mass/165m2 |
96 |
412.5 |
g/dry mass/165m2 |
35.18 |
biomass |
Marczak and Richardson 2006 |
aquatic insects |
stream |
riparian forest |
vertical orb weavers |
predator |
descriptive |
2 |
6.5 |
no. ind./m2 |
0.7 |
13.5 |
no. ind./m2 |
2.12 |
abundance |
Marczak and Richardson 2006 |
aquatic insects |
stream |
riparian forest |
sheet weavers |
predator |
descriptive |
2 |
19 |
no. ind./m2 |
5.65 |
20 |
no. ind./m2 |
12.02 |
abundance |
Marczak and Richardson 2006 |
aquatic insects |
stream |
riparian forest |
horizontal orb weavers |
predator |
descriptive |
2 |
7.5 |
no. ind./m2 |
0.7 |
15 |
no. ind./m2 |
9.89 |
abundance |
Marczak and Richardson 2006 |
aquatic insects |
stream |
riparian forest |
tangle web weavers |
predator |
descriptive |
2 |
11 |
no. ind./m2 |
15.5 |
10 |
no. ind./m2 |
11.3 |
abundance |
Marczak unpublished data |
aquatic insects |
stream |
forest |
vertical orb weavers |
predator |
manipulative |
16 |
0.00997 |
no. ind. |
0.032 |
0.0523 |
no. ind. |
0.032 |
density |
Marczak unpublished data |
aquatic insects |
stream |
forest |
horizontal orb weavers |
predator |
manipulative |
16 |
0.07 |
no. ind. |
0.0532 |
0.1228 |
no. ind. |
0.0532 |
density |
Marczak unpublished data |
aquatic insects |
stream |
forest |
sheet weavers |
predator |
manipulative |
16 |
0.0589 |
no. ind. |
0.0576 |
0.109 |
no. ind. |
0.0576 |
density |
Marczak unpublished data |
aquatic insects |
stream |
forest |
dwarf sheet weavers |
predator |
manipulative |
16 |
0.0059 |
no. ind. |
0.028 |
0.0444 |
no. ind. |
0.028 |
density |
Medelssohn and Kuhn 2003 |
marine debris |
ocean |
salt marsh |
plants |
producer |
manipulative |
5 |
47 |
% cover |
15.65 |
44 |
% cover |
6.71 |
percent cover |
Medelssohn and Kuhn 2003 |
marine debris |
ocean |
salt marsh |
plants |
producer |
manipulative |
5 |
47 |
% cover |
15.65 |
76 |
% cover |
8.94 |
percent cover |
Murakami and Nakano 2002 |
aquatic insects |
stream |
riparian forest |
Great Tit |
insectivore |
descriptive |
3 |
0.588 |
visitation rate/hour |
0.6495 |
4.671 |
visitation rate/hour |
1.0685 |
density |
Murakami and Nakano 2002 |
aquatic insects |
stream |
riparian forest |
Marsh Tit |
insectivore |
descriptive |
3 |
2.078 |
visitation rate/hour |
1.5084 |
1.588 |
visitation rate/hour |
1.0477 |
density |
Murakami and Nakano 2002 |
aquatic insects |
stream |
riparian forest |
Crowned Willow Warbler |
insectivore |
descriptive |
3 |
0.1199 |
visitation rate/hour |
0.1152 |
0.6583 |
visitation rate/hour |
0.3038 |
density |
Nakano et al. 1999 |
terrestrial invertebrates |
forest |
stream |
dolly varden charr |
predator |
manipulative |
8 |
130 |
mm |
5.6569 |
132 |
mm |
5.6569 |
biomass |
Polis and Hurd 1995 |
marine debris |
ocean |
islands |
orb weavers |
predator |
descriptive |
7 |
0.025 |
no./m2 |
0.017 |
0.155 |
no./m2 |
0.04 |
density |
Polis and Hurd 1995 |
marine bird guano |
ocean |
islands |
orb weavers |
predator |
descriptive |
7 |
6.15 |
no./m3 |
3.92 |
25.1 |
no./m3 |
2.11 |
density |
Polis and Hurd 1995 |
marine bird guano |
ocean |
islands |
orb weavers |
predator |
descriptive |
7 |
1.8 |
no./m3 |
1.5 |
14.3 |
no./m3 |
1.5 |
density |
Polis and Hurd 1995 |
marine debris |
ocean |
islands |
insects |
detritivore |
descriptive |
7 |
1.6 |
mm/trap/h |
2.5 |
175.8 |
mm/trap/h |
2 |
biomass |
Polis and Hurd 1995 |
marine bird guano |
ocean |
islands |
insects |
detritivore |
descriptive |
7 |
5.46 |
mm/trap/h |
1.45 |
12.2 |
mm/trap/h |
1.65 |
density |
Polis and Hurd 1995 |
marine bird guano |
ocean |
islands |
insects |
detritivore |
descriptive |
7 |
4.5 |
no./day |
1.8 |
12.3 |
no./day |
1 |
density |
Rose and Polis 1998 |
marine debris |
ocean |
coast |
coyote |
omnivore |
descriptive |
4 |
2.799 |
tracks/transect/night |
1.4242 |
14.2 |
tracks/transect/night |
2.216 |
density |
Sabo and Power 2002 |
aquatic insects |
stream |
cobble bars |
Sceloporus sp. |
predator |
manipulative |
4 |
0.0317 |
g/day |
0.5084 |
0.2097 |
g/day |
0.22 |
growth rate |
Sabo and Power 2002 |
aquatic insects |
stream |
forest |
Sceloporus sp. |
predator |
manipulative |
4 |
2.12 |
ind/plot |
0.12 |
3.37 |
ind/plot |
1.06 |
abundance |
Sabo and Power 2002a |
aquatic insects |
stream |
cobble bars |
Sceloporus sp. |
predator |
manipulative |
4 |
0.036 |
g/day |
0.0671 |
0.0219 |
g/day |
0.0178 |
growth rate |
Sanchez-Pinero and Polis 2000 |
marine carrion |
ocean |
islands |
beetles |
detritivore |
descriptive |
4 |
3 |
no./trap |
4 |
12.5 |
no./trap |
8 |
abundance |
Sanchez-Pinero and Polis 2000 |
marine bird guano |
ocean |
islands |
beetles |
detritivore |
descriptive |
17 |
19 |
no./trap |
10 |
73 |
no./trap |
12 |
abundance |
Stapp and Polis 2003 |
marine debris |
ocean |
islands |
Peromyscus |
omnivore |
descriptive |
3 |
23.25 |
proportion of captures |
15.7963 |
49.73 |
proportion of captures |
8.3485 |
density |
Stapp and Polis 2003 |
marine debris |
ocean |
islands |
Peromyscus |
omnivore |
descriptive |
3 |
68.45 |
proportion of captures |
13.9257 |
8.87 |
proportion of captures |
8.0194 |
density |
Stapp and Polis 2003a |
marine debris |
ocean |
islands |
Peromyscus |
omnivore |
descriptive |
6 |
22.47 |
proportion of captures |
16.0931 |
57.26 |
proportion of captures |
29.6878 |
density |
Uesugi 2002 |
aquatic insects |
stream |
riparian forest |
riparian birds |
insectivore |
descriptive |
12 |
0.1 |
birds/ha/h |
1.0392 |
3.7 |
birds/ha/h |
4.1569 |
abundance |
Uesugi 2002 |
aquatic insects |
stream |
riparian forest |
upland birds |
insectivore |
descriptive |
12 |
21.6 |
birds/ha/h |
8.6603 |
21.5 |
birds/ha/h |
9.3531 |
abundance |
Uesugi 2002 |
aquatic insects |
stream |
riparian forest |
Black faced Bunting |
insectivore |
descriptive |
12 |
2 |
birds/ha/h |
0.6928 |
2 |
birds/ha/h |
0.7967 |
abundance |
Uesugi 2002 |
aquatic insects |
stream |
riparian forest |
Eastern crowned Willow Warbler |
insectivore |
descriptive |
12 |
3.1 |
birds/ha/h |
0.6928 |
2.9 |
birds/ha/h |
0.6928 |
abundance |
Uesugi 2002 |
aquatic insects |
stream |
riparian forest |
Great Tit |
insectivore |
descriptive |
12 |
2.4 |
birds/ha/h |
0.6928 |
2.6 |
birds/ha/h |
1.0392 |
abundance |
Uesugi 2002 |
aquatic insects |
stream |
riparian forest |
Nuthatch |
insectivore |
descriptive |
12 |
0.6 |
birds/ha/h |
1.2124 |
1.2 |
birds/ha/h |
1.0392 |
abundance |
Uesugi 2002 |
aquatic insects |
stream |
riparian forest |
Japanese Grey Thush |
insectivore |
descriptive |
12 |
2 |
birds/ha/h |
1.7321 |
2.7 |
birds/ha/h |
1.7321 |
abundance |
Uesugi 2002 |
aquatic insects |
stream |
riparian forest |
Marsh Tit |
insectivore |
descriptive |
12 |
0.6 |
birds/ha/h |
1.7321 |
0.5 |
birds/ha/h |
1.7321 |
abundance |
Uesugi 2002 |
aquatic insects |
stream |
riparian forest |
Treecreeper |
insectivore |
descriptive |
12 |
0.9 |
birds/ha/h |
2.0785 |
0.9 |
birds/ha/h |
1.7321 |
abundance |
Uesugi 2002 |
aquatic insects |
stream |
riparian forest |
Short-tailed Bush Warbler |
insectivore |
descriptive |
12 |
0.9 |
birds/ha/h |
1.3856 |
1 |
birds/ha/h |
1.3856 |
abundance |
Uesugi 2002 |
aquatic insects |
stream |
riparian forest |
Coal Tit |
insectivore |
descriptive |
12 |
1.55 |
birds/ha/h |
3.4641 |
1.56 |
birds/ha/h |
3.4641 |
abundance |
Uesugi 2002 |
aquatic insects |
stream |
riparian forest |
Great spotted Woodpecker |
insectivore |
descriptive |
12 |
0.3 |
birds/ha/h |
0.6928 |
0.6 |
birds/ha/h |
2.0785 |
abundance |
Uesugi 2002 |
aquatic insects |
stream |
riparian forest |
Long tailed Tit |
insectivore |
descriptive |
12 |
0.5 |
birds/ha/h |
1.3856 |
0.6 |
birds/ha/h |
1.0392 |
abundance |
Uesugi 2002 |
aquatic insects |
stream |
riparian forest |
Japanese Pygmy Woodpecker |
insectivore |
descriptive |
12 |
0.9 |
birds/ha/h |
1.7321 |
1.4 |
birds/ha/h |
2.0785 |
abundance |
Uesugi 2002 |
aquatic insects |
stream |
riparian forest |
Varied Tit |
insectivore |
descriptive |
12 |
0.3 |
birds/ha/h |
1.3856 |
0.5 |
birds/ha/h |
1.3856 |
abundance |
Uesugi 2002 |
aquatic insects |
stream |
riparian forest |
Narcissus Flycatcher |
insectivore |
descriptive |
12 |
3.1 |
birds/ha/h |
3.1177 |
2.9 |
birds/ha/h |
3.1177 |
abundance |
Uesugi 2002 |
aquatic insects |
stream |
riparian forest |
Brown Flycatcher |
insectivore |
descriptive |
12 |
0.1 |
birds/ha/h |
0.6928 |
1.3 |
birds/ha/h |
2.7713 |
abundance |
Uesugi 2002 |
aquatic insects |
stream |
riparian forest |
Blue and White Flycatcher |
insectivore |
descriptive |
12 |
0 |
birds/ha/h |
0 |
0.4 |
birds/ha/h |
0.866 |
abundance |
Uesugi 2002 |
aquatic insects |
stream |
riparian forest |
Pale legged Willow Warbler |
insectivore |
descriptive |
12 |
0 |
birds/ha/h |
0 |
1.2 |
birds/ha/h |
2.4249 |
abundance |
Uesugi 2002 |
aquatic insects |
stream |
riparian forest |
Olive backed Tree Pipit |
insectivore |
descriptive |
12 |
0 |
birds/ha/h |
0 |
0.65 |
birds/ha/h |
2.2517 |
abundance |
Wallace et al. 1997 |
detritus |
ocean |
coastal shelf |
Mytilus galloprovincialis |
detritivore |
descriptive |
6 |
23 |
g/m2 |
61.2372 |
478 |
g/m2 |
244.949 |
biomass |
Wallace et al. 1997 |
leaf litter |
forest |
stream |
scraper |
detritivore |
manipulative |
2 |
367 |
no./m2 |
314 |
562 |
no./m2 |
469 |
abundance |
Wallace et al. 1997 |
leaf litter |
forest |
stream |
shedders |
detritivore |
manipulative |
2 |
554 |
no./m2 |
431 |
954 |
no./m2 |
588 |
abundance |
Wallace et al. 1997 |
leaf litter |
forest |
stream |
gatherers |
detritivore |
manipulative |
2 |
18019 |
no./m2 |
9874 |
30940 |
no./m2 |
14431 |
abundance |
Wallace et al. 1997 |
leaf litter |
forest |
stream |
filterers |
detritivore |
manipulative |
2 |
188 |
no./m2 |
233 |
323 |
no./m2 |
546 |
abundance |
Wallace et al. 1997 |
leaf litter |
forest |
stream |
consumers |
consumer |
manipulative |
2 |
19128 |
no./m2 |
10237 |
32779 |
no./m2 |
14927 |
abundance |
Wallace et al. 1997 |
leaf litter |
forest |
stream |
predators |
predator |
manipulative |
2 |
2883 |
no./m2 |
2121 |
4892 |
no./m2 |
2486 |
abundance |
Wallace et al. 1997 |
leaf litter |
forest |
stream |
salamander |
predator |
manipulative |
2 |
1 |
no./m2 |
2 |
4 |
no./m2 |
6 |
abundance |
Wallace et al. 1999 |
leaf litter |
forest |
stream |
shedders |
detritivore |
manipulative |
2 |
554 |
no./m2 |
431 |
954 |
no./m2 |
588 |
density |
Wallace et al. 1999 |
leaf litter |
forest |
stream |
gatherers |
detritivore |
manipulative |
2 |
18019 |
no./m2 |
9874 |
30940 |
no./m2 |
14431 |
density |
Wipfli et al. 1999 |
salmon |
ocean |
stream |
invertebrates |
omnivore |
manipulative |
6 |
18.53 |
no./100cm2 |
2.23 |
64.84 |
no./100cm2 |
11.51 |
abundance |
Wipfli et al. 1999 |
salmon |
ocean |
stream |
invertebrates |
omnivore |
manipulative |
6 |
140.53 |
no./100cm2 |
32.65 |
402.9 |
no./100cm2 |
119 |
abundance |