Appendix B. Six tables showing the results of Newman-Keuls post hoc tests between all grazer treatments for all response variables (initial grazing rate, mid-experiment grazing rate, and final yield of algal biomass) in the closed (Tables B1–B3) and in the open (Tables B4–B6) communities.
For all tables, significant results (P < 0.05) are shown in boldface. Capital letters in the tables refer to different grazer species in the treatments: (A) Palaemon elegans, (B) Littorina littorea, (C) Idotea granulosa, (D) Littorina saxatilis, (E) Gammarus dubenii, (F) Littorina fabalis.
TABLE B1. Initial grazing rate (closed communities).
A |
B |
C |
D |
E |
D |
ABC |
ABD |
CEF |
DEF |
ABCDEF |
|
A |
0.38 |
0.32 |
0.00 |
0.63 |
0.03 |
0.65 |
0.36 |
0.27 |
0.08 |
0.61 |
|
B |
0.38 |
0.07 |
0.00 |
0.29 |
0.00 |
0.26 |
0.18 |
0.05 |
0.01 |
0.21 |
|
C |
0.32 |
0.07 |
0.17 |
0.66 |
0.50 |
0.63 |
0.77 |
0.82 |
0.63 |
0.52 |
|
D |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.17 |
0.03 |
0.38 |
0.04 |
0.04 |
0.19 |
0.36 |
0.06 |
|
E |
0.63 |
0.29 |
0.66 |
0.03 |
0.17 |
0.81 |
1.00 |
0.64 |
0.32 |
0.86 |
|
F |
0.03 |
0.00 |
0.50 |
0.38 |
0.17 |
0.21 |
0.20 |
0.47 |
0.63 |
0.26 |
|
ABC |
0.65 |
0.26 |
0.63 |
0.04 |
0.81 |
0.21 |
0.97 |
0.66 |
0.37 |
0.79 |
|
ABD |
0.36 |
0.18 |
0.77 |
0.04 |
1.00 |
0.20 |
0.97 |
0.73 |
0.39 |
0.96 |
|
CEF |
0.27 |
0.05 |
0.82 |
0.19 |
0.64 |
0.47 |
0.66 |
0.73 |
0.50 |
0.66 |
|
DEF |
0.08 |
0.01 |
0.63 |
0.36 |
0.32 |
0.63 |
0.37 |
0.39 |
0.50 |
0.41 |
|
ABCDEF |
0.61 |
0.21 |
0.52 |
0.06 |
0.86 |
0.26 |
0.79 |
0.96 |
0.66 |
0.41 |
TABLE B2. Mid-experiment grazing rate (closed communities).
A |
B |
C |
D |
E |
F |
ABC |
ABD |
CEF |
DEF |
ABCDEF |
|
A |
0.95 |
0.01 |
0.00 |
0.01 |
0.00 |
0.72 |
0.88 |
0.02 |
0.00 |
0.15 |
|
B |
0.95 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.98 |
0.95 |
0.02 |
0.00 |
0.29 |
|
C |
0.01 |
0.00 |
0.66 |
0.88 |
0.60 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.45 |
0.78 |
0.11 |
|
D |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.66 |
0.63 |
0.91 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.30 |
0.78 |
0.02 |
|
E |
0.01 |
0.00 |
0.88 |
0.63 |
0.52 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.63 |
0.60 |
0.13 |
|
F |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.60 |
0.91 |
0.52 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.28 |
0.57 |
0.02 |
|
ABC |
0.72 |
0.98 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.91 |
0.02 |
0.00 |
0.18 |
|
ABD |
0.88 |
0.95 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.91 |
0.02 |
0.00 |
0.23 |
|
CEF |
0.02 |
0.02 |
0.45 |
0.30 |
0.63 |
0.28 |
0.02 |
0.02 |
0.48 |
0.19 |
|
DEF |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.78 |
0.78 |
0.60 |
0.57 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.48 |
0.06 |
|
ABCDEF |
0.15 |
0.29 |
0.11 |
0.02 |
0.13 |
0.02 |
0.18 |
0.23 |
0.19 |
0.06 |
TABLE B3. Final yield of algal biomass (closed communities).
A |
B |
C |
D |
E |
F |
ABC |
ABD |
CEF |
DEF |
ABCDEF |
|
A |
0.00 |
0.39 |
0.87 |
0.32 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.60 |
0.31 |
0.55 |
|
B |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.65 |
0.57 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
|
C |
0.39 |
0.00 |
0.56 |
0.09 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.92 |
0.66 |
0.24 |
|
D |
0.87 |
0.00 |
0.56 |
0.27 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.67 |
0.33 |
0.38 |
|
E |
0.32 |
0.00 |
0.09 |
0.27 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.10 |
0.02 |
0.49 |
|
F |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
|
ABC |
0.00 |
0.65 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.57 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
|
ABD |
0.00 |
0.57 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.57 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
|
CEF |
0.60 |
0.00 |
0.92 |
0.67 |
0.10 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.44 |
0.28 |
|
DEF |
0.31 |
0.00 |
0.66 |
0.33 |
0.02 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.44 |
0.08 |
|
ABCDEF |
0.55 |
0.00 |
0.24 |
0.38 |
0.49 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.28 |
0.08 |
TABLE B4. Initial grazing rate (open communities).
A |
B |
C |
D |
E |
F |
ABC |
ABD |
CEF |
DEF |
ABCDEF |
|
A |
0.70 |
0.96 |
0.17 |
0.90 |
0.61 |
0.98 |
0.96 |
0.66 |
0.55 |
0.99 |
|
B |
0.70 |
0.65 |
0.02 |
0.60 |
0.18 |
0.58 |
0.70 |
0.48 |
0.21 |
0.62 |
|
C |
0.96 |
0.65 |
0.21 |
0.86 |
0.70 |
0.96 |
0.90 |
0.87 |
0.68 |
0.92 |
|
D |
0.17 |
0.02 |
0.21 |
0.06 |
0.30 |
0.14 |
0.13 |
0.27 |
0.45 |
0.21 |
|
E |
0.90 |
0.60 |
0.86 |
0.06 |
0.38 |
0.63 |
0.85 |
0.74 |
0.43 |
0.81 |
|
F |
0.61 |
0.18 |
0.70 |
0.30 |
0.38 |
0.63 |
0.60 |
0.72 |
0.87 |
0.74 |
|
ABC |
0.98 |
0.58 |
0.96 |
0.14 |
0.63 |
0.63 |
0.94 |
0.91 |
0.67 |
0.91 |
|
ABD |
0.96 |
0.70 |
0.90 |
0.13 |
0.85 |
0.60 |
0.94 |
0.88 |
0.63 |
0.74 |
|
CEF |
0.66 |
0.48 |
0.87 |
0.27 |
0.74 |
0.72 |
0.91 |
0.88 |
0.55 |
0.93 |
|
DEF |
0.55 |
0.21 |
0.68 |
0.45 |
0.43 |
0.87 |
0.67 |
0.63 |
0.55 |
0.74 |
|
ABCDEF |
0.99 |
0.62 |
0.92 |
0.21 |
0.81 |
0.74 |
0.91 |
0.74 |
0.93 |
0.74 |
TABLE B5. Mid-experiment grazing rate (open communities).
A |
B |
C |
D |
E |
F |
ABC |
ABD |
CEF |
DEF |
ABCDEF |
|
A |
0.00 |
0.38 |
0.48 |
0.96 |
0.37 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.37 |
0.49 |
0.37 |
|
B |
0.00 |
0.01 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.58 |
0.56 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.01 |
|
C |
0.38 |
0.01 |
0.09 |
0.21 |
0.08 |
0.03 |
0.02 |
0.05 |
0.20 |
0.77 |
|
D |
0.48 |
0.00 |
0.09 |
0.57 |
0.94 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.70 |
0.74 |
0.06 |
|
E |
0.96 |
0.00 |
0.21 |
0.57 |
0.50 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.43 |
0.74 |
0.27 |
|
F |
0.37 |
0.00 |
0.08 |
0.94 |
0.50 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.89 |
0.51 |
0.05 |
|
ABC |
0.00 |
0.58 |
0.03 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.68 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.02 |
|
ABD |
0.00 |
0.56 |
0.02 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.68 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.02 |
|
CEF |
0.37 |
0.00 |
0.05 |
0.70 |
0.43 |
0.89 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.67 |
0.03 |
|
DEF |
0.49 |
0.00 |
0.20 |
0.74 |
0.74 |
0.51 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.67 |
0.16 |
|
ABCDEF |
0.37 |
0.01 |
0.77 |
0.06 |
0.27 |
0.05 |
0.02 |
0.02 |
0.03 |
0.16 |
TABLE B6. Final yield of algal biomass (open communities).
A |
B |
C |
D |
E |
F |
ABC |
ABD |
CEF |
DEF |
ABCDEF |
|
A |
0.42 |
0.69 |
0.98 |
0.85 |
0.92 |
0.99 |
0.19 |
0.51 |
0.96 |
0.86 |
|
B |
0.42 |
0.61 |
0.43 |
0.64 |
0.61 |
0.31 |
0.59 |
0.15 |
0.55 |
0.40 |
|
C |
0.69 |
0.61 |
1.00 |
0.88 |
0.97 |
1.00 |
0.33 |
0.54 |
0.99 |
0.96 |
|
D |
0.98 |
0.43 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
0.97 |
0.26 |
0.82 |
1.00 |
0.78 |
|
E |
0.85 |
0.64 |
0.88 |
1.00 |
0.93 |
1.00 |
0.37 |
0.62 |
0.99 |
0.96 |
|
F |
0.92 |
0.61 |
0.97 |
1.00 |
0.93 |
1.00 |
0.36 |
0.69 |
0.95 |
0.95 |
|
ABC |
0.99 |
0.31 |
1.00 |
0.97 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
0.20 |
0.85 |
1.00 |
0.52 |
|
ABD |
0.19 |
0.59 |
0.33 |
0.26 |
0.37 |
0.36 |
0.20 |
0.05 |
0.32 |
0.36 |
|
CEF |
0.51 |
0.15 |
0.54 |
0.82 |
0.62 |
0.69 |
0.85 |
0.05 |
0.75 |
0.53 |
|
DEF |
0.96 |
0.55 |
0.99 |
1.00 |
0.99 |
0.95 |
1.00 |
0.32 |
0.75 |
0.90 |
|
ABCDEF |
0.86 |
0.40 |
0.96 |
0.78 |
0.96 |
0.95 |
0.52 |
0.36 |
0.53 |
0.90 |