Appendix A. List of all stimuli considered in ecological cascades.
TABLE A1. List of all stimuli considered in ecological cascades. Stimuli are land-cover (forest, agriculture, urban, other) as defined within travel time zones used to generate land-cover estimates along a continuum from near stream to whole watershed. WS = whole watershed; Corr = 100-m buffer numbers 30 – 300 represent travel time (min) zones. NLCD codes 11 (open water) and 30 (barren areas) considered as ‘other’.
NLCD category |
NLCD code |
Combined category |
Land cover zone |
Mean (%) |
SE |
Min |
Max |
Open water |
11 |
30 |
39 |
5 |
16 |
63 |
|
Low intensity developed |
21 |
60 |
46 |
5 |
22 |
84 |
|
Medium intensity developed |
22 |
90 |
50 |
5 |
26 |
70 |
|
High intensity developed |
23 |
120 |
56 |
5 |
30 |
73 |
|
Barren areas |
30 |
150 |
59 |
6 |
27 |
76 |
|
Forested uplands |
40 |
180 |
61 |
5 |
26 |
77 |
|
Deciduous forest |
41 |
210 |
63 |
6 |
27 |
79 |
|
Coniferous forest |
42 |
240 |
64 |
5 |
34 |
79 |
|
Mixed forest |
43 |
270 |
68 |
4 |
44 |
80 |
|
Planted or cultivated grasses |
80 |
300 |
69 |
4 |
43 |
80 |
|
Cultivated crops |
81 |
Corr |
51 |
3 |
33 |
65 |
|
WS |
72 |
3 |
56 |
86 |
|||
Agriculture (80, 81) |
30 |
47 |
6 |
21 |
77 |
||
60 |
42 |
4 |
13 |
65 |
|||
90 |
39 |
4 |
28 |
64 |
|||
120 |
35 |
4 |
25 |
63 |
|||
150 |
32 |
4 |
22 |
63 |
|||
180 |
31 |
4 |
21 |
64 |
|||
210 |
30 |
5 |
19 |
63 |
|||
240 |
29 |
4 |
19 |
56 |
|||
270 |
26 |
3 |
17 |
45 |
|||
300 |
25 |
3 |
16 |
46 |
|||
Corr |
41 |
3 |
24 |
55 |
|||
WS |
23 |
2 |
17 |
36 |
|||
Urban (21, 22, 23) |
30 |
8 |
4 |
0 |
36 |
||
60 |
8 |
4 |
0 |
43 |
|||
90 |
7 |
4 |
0 |
44 |
|||
120 |
6 |
4 |
0 |
38 |
|||
150 |
6 |
4 |
0 |
38 |
|||
180 |
5 |
3 |
0 |
27 |
|||
210 |
5 |
2 |
0 |
25 |
|||
240 |
4 |
2 |
0 |
24 |
|||
270 |
4 |
2 |
0 |
24 |
|||
300 |
4 |
2 |
0 |
24 |
|||
Corr |
4 |
3 |
0 |
26 |
|||
WS |
4 |
2 |
0 |
24 |