Appendix B. Cascade elements and their associated entities.
TABLE B1. Cascade elements and their associated entities. Number of elements differed between models addressing fish (4) and invertebrate (5) responses. Data are measures of central tendency and variance derived from the 10 study systems (i.e., n = 10).
Element |
Entity |
Code |
Units |
Mean |
SE |
Min |
Max |
Hydrologic |
|||||||
Baseflow discharge |
Qbf |
L/s |
40 |
5.5 |
15 |
67 |
|
Storm flow discharge |
Qstorm |
L/s |
1685 |
553 |
507 |
6454 |
|
Discharge range |
Qdiff |
L/s |
1645 |
552 |
440 |
6403 |
|
Mean travel time |
MnTT |
min |
146 |
26 |
45 |
264 |
|
Maximum travel time |
MxTT |
min |
678 |
164 |
257 |
1973 |
|
Discharge / stage rating curve slope |
RCsl |
- |
0.91 |
0.06 |
0.52 |
1.24 |
|
Geomorphic |
|||||||
Froude number |
Fr |
- |
0.124 |
0.015 |
0.06 |
0.21 |
|
Mean bank height year 1 |
Bh1 |
m |
1.3 |
0.07 |
1.0 |
1.8 |
|
Mean bank height year 2 |
Bh2 |
m |
1.3 |
0.06 |
1.1 |
1.8 |
|
Change in bank height bet. Years |
ΔBh |
m |
0.11 |
0.04 |
0.01 |
0.38 |
|
Mean bank incision ratio year 1 |
IR1 |
º |
3 |
1.8 |
21 |
42 |
|
Mean bank incision ratio year 2 |
IR2 |
º |
33 |
2.7 |
22 |
47 |
|
Change in incision ratio between years |
ΔIR |
º |
3.5 |
1.5 |
0.5 |
16.3 |
|
Mean bankfull width |
w |
m |
4.1 |
0.34 |
1.7 |
5.1 |
|
Mean bankfull depth |
d |
m |
0.17 |
0.01 |
0.07 |
0.25 |
|
Width / depth ratio |
w:d |
- |
29 |
4.8 |
9 |
63 |
|
Erosional |
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Reach slope from DEM |
DEMsl |
% |
0.34 |
0.06 |
0.12 |
0.6 |
|
TSS baseflow |
TSSbf |
g/L |
0.37 |
0.23 |
0.01 |
1.29 |
|
Baseflow TSS Inorganic Matter |
TSSbfIM |
g/L |
0.29 |
0.20 |
0.01 |
1.15 |
|
Stormflow TSS Inorganic Matter |
TSSsfIM |
g/L |
0.39 |
0.23 |
0.06 |
1.4 |
|
Rising limb TSS Organic Matter |
TSSbfOM |
g/L |
0.13 |
0.11 |
0.001 |
0.63 |
|
Rising limb TSS stormflow |
TSSst |
g/L |
0.48 |
0.28 |
0.01 |
0.57 |
|
Rising limb TSS Stormflow Organic Matter |
TSSstOM |
g/L |
0.13 |
0.1 |
0.01 |
0.56 |
|
TSS rating curve exponent |
TSSRCex |
- |
0.94 |
0.11 |
0.51 |
1.23 |
|
Bedload D-50 |
BLD50 |
mm |
2.7 |
0.5 |
1.1 |
4.4 |
|
Bedload percent organic matter |
BLOM |
% |
11 |
2.8 |
0 |
20 |
|
Bedload percent fines |
BL Fines |
% |
34 |
2.9 |
20 |
41 |
|
Depositional |
|||||||
Substrate D50 |
SubD50 |
mm |
15.9 |
2.3 |
4.6 |
23.4 |
|
Substrate percent organic matter |
SubOM |
% |
6.3 |
0.2 |
5.3 |
7.9 |
|
Substrate percent fines |
SubFines |
% |
14 |
2.9 |
2.8 |
27.4 |
|
Fish |
|||||||
Summary |
Taxa richness |
FishTR |
no./m2 |
7.6 |
0.7 |
4 |
11 |
Total density |
FishDen |
no./m2 |
1.1 |
0.2 |
0.46 |
2.27 |
|
Distributional |
Cosmopolitan density |
no./m2 |
1.8 |
0.4 |
0.36 |
2.27 |
|
End |
no./m2 |
0.2 |
0.1 |
0 |
0.31 |
||
Trophic |
Herbivore density |
Herb |
no./m2 |
0.24 |
0.03 |
0.10 |
0.36 |
Benthic invertivore |
BI |
no./m2 |
0.15 |
0.03 |
0.02 |
0.33 |
|
General invertivore |
GI |
no./m2 |
0.5 |
0.2 |
0.04 |
1.82 |
|
Drift invertivore |
DI |
no./m2 |
0.19 |
0.03 |
0 |
0.24 |
|
Detritivore |
D |
no./m2 |
0.05 |
0.02 |
0 |
0.23 |
|
Reproductive |
Nest associate density |
NA |
no./m2 |
0.5 |
0.2 |
0.01 |
1.78 |
Nest-builder |
NB |
no./m2 |
0.20 |
0.05 |
0 |
0.47 |
|
Broadcast spawner |
BC |
no./m2 |
0.21 |
0.03 |
0.11 |
0.37 |
|
Non-guarder density |
NG |
no./m2 |
0.24 |
0.05 |
0.02 |
0.51 |
|
Macroinvertebrate |
|||||||
Summary |
Taxa richness |
MacTR |
no./m2 |
11 |
1.2 |
5 |
15 |
Total density |
MacDen |
no./m2 |
677 |
134 |
161 |
1421 |
|
Midge density |
Midge |
no./m2 |
175 |
37 |
54 |
441 |
|
Shredder density |
SH |
no./m2 |
11 |
6 |
0 |
65 |
|
Trophic |
Scraper density |
SC |
no./m2 |
178 |
49 |
11 |
474 |
Collector-gatherer density |
CG |
no./m2 |
192 |
53 |
22 |
538 |
|
Collector-filterer density |
CF |
no./m2 |
90 |
19 |
11 |
172 |
|
Predator |
P |
no./m2 |
0.3 |
0.1 |
0 |
97 |