Ecological Archives E093-142-A1
John Stanton-Geddes, Peter Tiffin, and Ruth G. Shaw. 2012. Role of climate and competitors in limiting fitness across range edges of an annual plant. Ecology 93:1604–1613. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/11-1701.1
Appendix A. Supplementary tables containing population and transplant site information, and a figure of the life history stages included in the aster modeling.
Table A1. C. fasciculata natural population information, arranged from north to south location. Mean annual temperature (MAT) and annual precipitation (PPT) were collected from the WorldClim data set implemented in DIVA-GIS (Hijmans et al. 2005).
| Population | Location | Lat/Long | Region |
MAT (°C) |
PPT (mm) |
| MN2 | Afton State Park Afton, MN |
44°51'35N 92°46'21W |
N.Edge | 7.0 | 778 |
| MN1 |
Grey Cloud Dunes Scientific and Natural Area, Cottage Grove, MN |
44°47'19N 92°57'29W |
N.Edge | 7.5 | 754 |
| IA |
Conard Environmental Research Area (Grinnell College), Kellogg, IA |
41°41'14N 92°52'16W |
Interior | 8.9 | 882 |
| IL |
Green River State Wildlife Area, Harmon, IL |
41°38'64N 89°31'20W |
Interior | 9.2 | 909 |
| KS |
Konza Praire Biological Station (Kansas State University), Manhattan, KS |
39°07'07N 96°32'15W |
W.Edge | 11.9 | 876 |
| MO |
Tyson Research Station annex (Washington University), Eureka, MO |
38°25'30N 90°40'58W |
Interior | 12.6 | 993 |
Table A2. Transplant site locations and climate characteristics. Mean annual temperature (MAT) and annual precipitation (PPT) were collected from the WorldClim data set implemented in DIVA-GIS (Hijmans et al. 2005).
| Site | Location | Lat/Long |
MAT (°C) |
PPT (mm) |
| Interior |
Conard Environmental Research Area (Grinnell College), Kellogg, IA |
41°41'03N 92°51'42W |
8.9 | 882 |
| W.Edge |
Reller Natural History Area (Univ. of Nebraska), Sprague, NE |
40°36'48N 96°45'41W |
10.7 | 754 |
| N.Edge |
St. Croix Watershed Research Station Marine-on-St. Croix, MN |
45°10'04N 92°45'53W |
6.8 | 774 |
| Beyond.W |
Cedar Point Biological Station (Univ. of Nebraska), Ogallala, NE |
41°11'33N 101°38'57W |
9.3 | 458 |
| Beyond.N |
Audubon Center of the Northwoods, Sandstone, MN |
46°06'41N 92°59'34W |
3.7 | 693 |
Table A3. Summary of climate data during the growing season (1 May–30 September) for each natural population in neighbor removal experiment, arranged from south to north, with locations in Fig. 1. Data comes from either weather stations at field stations (IA, KS) or the nearest airport weather station available (data downloaded from wunderground.com). The two MN were closest to the same weather station.
| 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | ||||
|
Temp (°C) |
Precip (mm) |
Temp (°C) |
Precip (mm) |
Temp (°C) |
Precip (mm) |
|
| MO | NA | NA | 22.1 | 598 | 21.8 | 500 |
| KS | 23.3 | 561 | 21.9 | 823 | 21.3 | 574 |
| IL | 20.9 | 317 | 19.6 | 442 | 18.7 | 345 |
| IA | 21.1 | 587 | 19.4 | 628 | 18.9 | 581 |
| MN1/MN2 | 20.6 | 353 | 18.9 | 292 | 18.9 | 236 |
Table A4. Effect of browsing on fitness at each site. Browsing status was a binomial term given yes if a plant was browsed at any point in the season. To evaluate the effect that browsing had on fitness at each site, we fit separate aster models for each site including browsing status as a predictor, and covariates for population and treatment. We tested the effects of browsing on lifetime fitness by comparing the full model with sub-models dropping the browsing term.
| Site | Effect | P value |
| Interior | - | < 0.0001 |
| W.Edge | 0 | 0.99 |
| N.Edge | 0 | 0.59 |
| Beyond.W | Not tested † | - |
| Beyond.N | 0 | 0.99 |
† Not tested because no plants were browsed at this site.
Fig. A1. Aster life history models for (a) fitness in the first growing season and (b) population growth rate through seedling recruitment. The statistical distribution used for each stage is listed beneath the stage.
Literature Cited
Hijmans, R. J., S. E. Cameron, J. L. Parra, P. G. Jones, and A. Jarvis. 2005. Very high resolution interpolated climate surfaces for global land areas. International Journal of Climatology 25:1965–1978.